基于HS-SPME/GC-MS的8种露兜树属叶片挥发性组分差异分析
2021-05-19胡荣锁郭培培宗迎鱼欢徐飞秦晓威
胡荣锁 郭培培 宗迎 鱼欢 徐飞 秦晓威



摘 要:为了探索和拓展不同基因型露兜树属叶片利用价值,以顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法(headspace solid- phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,HS-SPME/GC-MS)法定性定量测定了8种露兜树属叶挥发性风味组分,并进行差异性分析。研究表明共检出挥发性风味组分83种,共有组分12种,共有组分占总含量的(38.70±9.78)%,各样品间风味差异显著(P<0.05);醛类(21种)、醇类(17种)和酮类(14种)是露兜树属植物的特征类别组分;主成分分析对样品区分效果不显著,PC1(43.94%)和PC2(21.77%)仅为65.71%,说明样品间风味存在较大差异;相关性分析和聚类热图分析也得出类似的结果。研究成果可为露兜树属植物叶片开发利用提供了理论支持。
关键词:露兜树属;HS-SPME/GC-MS;叶片;挥发性风味
中图分类号:R284 文献标识码:A
Difference Analysis of Volatile Flavor Components of 8 Pandanus L. Leaves Based on HS-SPME/GC-MS
HU Rongsuo1,3,4, GUO Peipei2, ZONG Ying1,3,4, YU Huan1,3,4, XU Fei1,3,4, QIN Xiaowei1,3,4*
1. Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China; 2. College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130; 3. National Center of Important Tropical Crops Engineering and Technology Research, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China; 4. Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning, Hainan 571533, China.
Abstract: In order to explore and expand the utilization value of Pandanus L. leaves of different genotypes, the volatile flavor components of 8 Pandanus L. leaves were quantitatively detected by the HS-SPME/GC-MS technology, and the difference analysis was finished. The results showed that 83 kinds of volatile flavor components were identified, and there were 12 common components, which accounted for (38.709.78)% of the total content. The flavor components were significantly different among the samples (P<0.05). Aldehydes (21 kinds), alcohols (17 kinds) and ketones (14 kinds) were the characteristic components. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed no significant effect on samples differentiation. PC1 (43.94%) and PC2 (21.77%) were only 65.71%, indicating that there was a significant difference in the 8 Pandanaceae samples. The results of correlation analysis and cluster heatmap analysis were similar. This study would provide theoretical support for the development and application of Pandanus leaves.
Keywords: Pandanus L.; HS-SPME/GC-MS; leaf; volatile flavor
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.03.040
露兜樹科(Pandanaceae)共3属,约800种,广布于亚洲、非洲和大洋洲的热带地区。我国有2属、10种、2变种,分别为藤露兜树属(Freycinetia)和露兜树属(Pandanus),主要分布于北纬16°~25°,东起台湾、福建一带,南沿广东、海南、广西、云南和西藏等省区边境线,西达西藏南部热带季雨林、雨林带,北至云南(腾冲)、贵州(荔波)、广西(阳朔)、福建(厦门)等热带、亚热带地区;大多数为海岸或沼泽植物,在我国多散生于热带至南亚热带林中,为东半球热带特征植物[1]。
露兜树属植物具有较高的食用、药用和园艺观赏价值,如香露兜(Pandanus amaryllifolius)是一种传统的食用香料,在我国南部有广泛种植,叶有粽香,其特征香气组分为2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉(2-acetyl-1-pyrroline,简称2AP)[2],2AP具有烤爆米花和类大米风味[3]。香露兜(Pandanus amaryllifolius)被认为是获取2AP最佳的天然原料之一[4]。大叶斑兰也具有和香露兜类似的风味,且树形较大。露兜树(Pandanus tectorius)的根与果实可入药,有治感冒发热、肾炎、水肿、腰腿痛、疝气痛等功效[1],其鲜花中的白色苞片含有浓烈玫瑰香味是很好的兴奋剂和抗菌剂[5]。此外斑叶禾叶露兜、禾叶露兜和金边露兜其叶片和生长形态具有较高的绿化观赏价值。……
