黄振勇　廖才学　王冬梅　梁晓君　韦馨平　淡明　张娥珍

摘  要：以甘蔗尾梢为主要原料，采用分级固态发酵技术研究生产甘蔗尾梢饲料的工艺条件，通过单因素和正交实验，对一级发酵工艺中接种量、水分含量、一级发酵时间和二级发酵工艺中精粗比、二级发酵时间5个因素进行了优化。结果表明：当接种0.15%发酵菌剂于一级发酵底物中，调整其水分含量为50%，密封常温发酵5 d后按3∶7比例将一级发酵料与新鲜甘蔗尾梢混合均匀，压实密封进行二级发酵，21 d后甘蔗尾梢饲料品质最佳。所得甘蔗尾梢饲料粗蛋白含量为15.24%，粗纤维含量为24.03%。分级固态发酵技术可快速、有效提高甘蔗尾梢饲料中粗蛋白含量，同时降解粗纤维，改善饲料适口性，可应用于甘蔗尾梢饲料的制备。

关键词：甘蔗尾梢;分级固态发酵;饲料品质

中图分类号：S816.5      文献标识码：A

Technology of Sugarcane Caudate Lobe Feed Production by Sectional Soli-State Fermentation

HUANG Zhenyong1， LIAO Caixue2， WANG Dongmei3， LIANG Xiaojun1， WEI Xinping1， DAN Ming1， ZHANG Ezhen1*

1. Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology， Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanning， Guangxi 530007， China; 2. Guangxi Institute of Metrology and Testing， Nanning， Guangxi 530007， China; 3. Nanning Institute of Agricultural Sciences， Nanning， Guangxi 530007， China

Abstract： The aim of the experiment was to study the technological conditions of producing sugarcane caudate lobe feed production by the sectional solid-state fermentation technology. The raw material was sugarcane caudate lobe， five factors including inoculum quantity， moisture content， first stage fermentation time， concentrated-roughage and second stage fermentation time were optimized through single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that when inoculated 0.15% fermenting microbe in the first stage fermentation substrate， adjusted the moisture content to 50%，

sealed and fermented at normal atmospheric temperature， mixed with fresh sugarcane caudate lobe in the concen-

trated-roughage ratios of 3∶7 and compacted and sealed after 5 days， the quality of sugarcane caudate lobe feed would be the best after 21 days. According to the technological conditions， the crude protein and crude fiber content of sugarcane caudate lobe feed was respectively 15.24% and 24.03%. The technology of sectional solid-state fermentation could rapidly and effectively improve the crude protein content， degrade crude fiber and improve sugarcane caudate feed palatability. It could be applied to the preparation of sugarcane caudate lobe feed.

Keywords： sugarcane caudate lobe; sectional solid-state fermentation; feed quality

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.03.035

廣西是全国种植甘蔗面积最大的省份，全区种植面积达8×105 hm2，约占全国甘蔗总种植面积的63%[1]。甘蔗收割榨糖之后产生的大量副产物如甘蔗尾梢、蔗渣、糖蜜等均可用于养殖饲料加工[2]。甘蔗尾梢中粗蛋白含量达5%～8%、粗纤维含量达35%～45%、粗脂肪含量达3%～4%，营养丰富，是牛羊等反刍动物优良的饲料原料来源[3]。

甘蔗尾梢饲料化利用技术已日趋成熟，目前常见发酵技术主要以青贮、微贮和氨化等形式[4-5]，发酵后甘蔗尾梢营养价值有一定改善，可提高适口性，对牛羊增重也有一定效果。广西每年有大量的甘蔗尾梢产出，目前的发酵方式存在发酵时间长、发酵均匀度不足、发酵后产品品质差等缺陷，尚未能将甘蔗尾梢在饲料化利用上的优点发挥到极致，仍需进一步加大研发力度。……