张珂

摘 要：文章着重针对半预聚体法制备连续玻纤增强聚氨酯复合材料性能优势进行实验。结果表明：双组分聚氨酯树脂在反应温度逐渐增高过程中粘度不断增强，当达到30℃条件时能够获得最佳的适用期;随固化温度的提升，纯聚氨酯材料力学性能中的拉伸强度、伸长率基本呈先增强后逐渐降低变化趋势，分别对应最佳固化温度为120℃、110℃;拉伸模量呈先下降后迅速提升变化趋势，于140℃环境下达到最大值;随固化时间的增长，材料拉伸强度、伸长率呈先迅速提升后增幅放缓趋势，拉伸强度则呈先下降后提升变化态势;聚氨酯复合材料成型工艺、温度等同样会对材料的力学性能产生影响，但变化趋势与纯聚氨酯材料略有不同。

关键词：聚氨酯基增强复合材料;体育健身器材;拉伸强度;伸长率;力学性能

中图分类号：TS186.1;TB33 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-5922（2021）08-0067-05

Analysis on the Advantages of Polyurethane Reinforced Composite Materials Used in Sports and Fitness Equipment

Zhang Ke

（Party School of Shaanxi Provincial Committee of C.P.C（Shaanxi Academy of Govemance ）， Xi an 710061， China）

Abstract：This paper focuses on the semi-prepolymer method for the preparation of continuous glass fiber reinforced polyurethane composites performance advantages were experimented. The results showed that the viscosity of two-component polyurethane resin increased with the increasing of reaction temperature， and the best application period was obtained when the temperature reached 30℃. With the increase of curing temperature， the tensile strength and elongation of the mechanical properties of pure polyurethane basically increased first and then gradually decreased， corresponding to the optimal curing temperature of 120℃ and 110℃， respectively. Tensile modulus decreases first and then increases rapidly， and reaches the maximum value at 140℃. With the increase of curing time， the tensile strength and elongation of the material increased rapidly at first and then slowed down， while the tensile strength decreased at first and then increased. The forming process and temperature of polyurethane composites also affect the mechanical properties of the materials， but the changing trend is slightly different from that of pure polyurethane materials.

Key words：polyurethane reinforced composites; sports and fitness equipment; tensile strength; elongation; mechanical properties

0 引言

聚氨酯（PU，分子式：C3H8N2O）及其復合材料具有较为优良的力学性能、抗老化、抗撕裂性能等，是一种广泛应用于体育健身器材制备领域的高分子复合材料。其主要产品类型有聚氨酯发泡材料、高分子复合弹性记忆海绵、复合纤维、环保型合成革等。与一般体育器材制备材料相比，聚氨酯及其复合材料的耐磨性、高弹性以及耐腐蚀性能更为优异，因而被广泛应用于足球、运动鞋、防护装备等的制备工艺中[1-3]。文章以双组分聚氨酯基连续玻璃纤维增强复合材料为主要研究对象，对该类型复合材料在体育运……