聚硫代醚密封剂力学性能的配方研究
2021-04-27计臣孙超秦蓬波吴松华
计臣 孙超 秦蓬波 吴松华



摘 要:通过正交实验,研究了不同填料对聚硫代醚密封剂力学性能的影响。结果表明:活性碳酸钙对聚硫代醚密封剂常温力学性能的补强效果最好,影响程度较高;沉淀二氧化硅的加入对聚硫代醚密封剂的拉伸强度有较好的增强效果,但会降低密封剂的扯断伸长率;二氧化钛对聚硫代醚密封剂的补强效果在常温条件下不如活性碳酸钙,但在热空气老化后明显优于活性碳酸钙;酚醛环氧树脂的加入会极大降低聚硫代醚密封剂扯断伸长率,而对拉伸强度的影响相对较小。
关键词:聚硫代醚;密封剂;力学性能;正交实验
中图分类号:TQ436+.6 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)08-0026-04
Study on Formulation of Mechanical Properties of Polythioether Sealant
Ji Chen, Sun Chao, Qin Pengbo, Wu Songhua
(AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China)
Abstract:Orthogonal experiments were designed to study on the mechanical properties of polythioether sealant with different filler. The results show that activated CaCO3 has the best reinforcing efficiency on room temperature mechanical properties of polythioether sealant and the maximal impact. Precipitated SiO2 has the great reinforcing efficiency on tensile strength of polythioether sealant, but it reduce the elongation. The reinforcing efficiency of TiO2 is less than activated CaCO3 at room temperature, but it better than activated CaCO3 after hot air aging. Appending novolac epoxy will reduce the elongation of polythioether sealant and with few impact on tensile strength.
Key words:polythioether;sealant;mechanical properties;orthogonal experiment
0 前言
聚硫密封劑是以液态聚硫橡胶为基体的一类密封剂,由于其优良的气密性、耐油性和耐酸碱介质性,在航空、建筑等领域中得到广泛应用[1-2];但由于聚硫密封剂中大量双硫键(—S—S—)的存在,使其耐高温性能欠佳[3]。新一代聚硫代醚密封剂分子链中以单硫键(—S—)替代双硫键,保持了聚硫密封剂优异耐油性和耐介质性,同时具有更高的耐高温性能,具有更广阔的应用空间[4-5]。而聚硫代醚分子链柔性大,分子链间相互作用弱,因此其物理性能较差,但当填充大量补强填料后,力学性能可以明显提高。此外由于密封剂需要与多种基材形成良好粘接效果,通常需要加入树脂类填料增加其粘接性能。文章采用的正交实验设计法是研究多因素多水平的一种高效、便捷、经济的实验设计方法,选取适当填料和实验水平并进行相关实验研究和测试,以期为聚硫代醚密封剂的配方设计提供参考。……
