APP下载

基于SEM的高速公路事故路段行车风险因素辨识

2021-04-14张文会于秋影沈航先

森林工程 2021年2期
关键词:高速公路

张文会 于秋影 沈航先

摘 要:为辨识对高速公路事故路段行车安全有影响的关键因素及其影响程度,选取4个潜变量(人、车、道路与环境、管理因素)和20个观察变量,构建其与高速公路事故路段交通安全之间的结构方程模型(SEM),将问卷调查的数据进行信度分析,并采用探索性因子分析(EFA)和验证性因子分析(CFA)2种方法进行问卷效度分析,然后将检验后的有效数据导入SEM模型,最终对SEM进行拟合检验和分析。研究结果发现,4个因素中人的因素对高速公路事故路段安全的影响最大,其次是道路与环境因素,而管理因素和车的因素对其影响相对较小。4个潜变量中对应观察变量的影响程度由大到小顺序分别为:应急操作能力、反应判断能力、疲劳程度、驾龄、超载超员;交通量、车辆速度、制动系统、货车比例;道路封闭状态、事故区通车宽度、路面状态、事故现场位置、天气状况;事故现场速度限制、事故现场处置、交通信息发布。

关键词:交通工程;高速公路;事故路段;风险因素;结构方程模型

中图分类号:U491.31    文献标识码:A   文章编号:1006-8023(2021)02-0095-09

Identification for Driving Risk Factors of Expressway

Accident Section Based on SEM

ZHANG Wenhui, YU Qiuying, SHEN Hangxian

(School of Traffic and Transportation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

Abstract:In order to identify the key factors that affect the safety of expressway accident sections and their influence degree, 4 latent variables (human, vehicle, road and environment, management factors) and 20 observation variables were selected to construct the structural equation model (SEM) between them and the traffic safety of the accident section of expressway. The reliability of the questionnaire data was analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to analyze the validity of the questionnaire. Then, the valid questionnaire data was imported into SEM model. Finally, the structural equation model was tested and analyzed. The results showed that the human factor had the greatest impact on the safety of the accident section of the expressway, followed by the road and environmental factors. However, the influence of management factors and vehicle factors was relatively small. Among the four latent variables, the order of the influence degree of the corresponding observation variables was: emergency operation ability, reaction judgment ability, fatigue degree, driving age, overload and overcrowding; traffic volume, vehicle speed, braking system, truck proportion; road closure state, traffic width of accident area, road surface state, location of accident site, weather condition; speed limit of accident site, accident site set up and release traffic information.

Keywords: Traffic engineering; expressway; accident section; influencing factors; structural equation model

收稿日期:2020-09-22

基金項目:中央高校基本科研业务费(2017YFC0803901);国家重大科技专项计划项目(2017YFC0803901);教育部人文社科基金(17YJCZH250)

第一作者简介:张文会,博士,副教授。研究方向为交通运输安全。E-mail: rayear@163.com

引文格式:张文会,于秋影,沈航先. 基于SEM的高速公路事故路段行车风险因素辨识[J].森林工程,2021,37(2):95-103.

ZHANG W H, YU Q Y, SHEN H X. Identification for driving risk factors of expressway accident section based on SEM[J]. Forest Engineering,2021,37(2):95-103.

0 引言

近年来,随着高速公路网的不断完善,物流运输业的快速发展,高速公路運输的客货运输量呈现出增长的趋势,而高速公路交通事故所造成的伤亡人数和财产损失也在同步上升[1]。……

登录APP查看全文

猜你喜欢

高速公路
高速公路养护与管理探讨
一辆开上了高速公路的汽车
融合多媒体通信在高速公路中的应用
高速公路升降压供电系统的设计及应用
高速公路站级机电维护管理模式创新探讨
为什么高速公路上不用路灯照明
全车型ETC在高速公路中的应用与探讨
高速公路与PPP
高速公路上的狗
铜合高速公路