燕鸣

摘要：近年来煤电企业不断加大掺烧力度，入炉煤热值变化频繁，严重影响了机组安全经济性。目前受技术和经济投入限制，入炉煤热值普遍还停留在定期离线化验阶段，无论是数据实时性还是取样代表性方面，均远不能满足机组快速响应电网快速调峰和安全经济运行要求。本文在某350MW超临界机组上采用以功煤比系数为基础、燃烧动静态特征信息融合的入炉煤热值软测量方法，应用至协调控制系统，解决了由于燃煤热值变化引起的燃水比失调问题，提高了机组的动态响应性、稳定性和经济性。

关键词：煤质软测量燃烧特征信息融合协调控制

Research and Application of Soft-Sensing and Coordinated Control of Coal Calorific Value in Supercritical Coal-Fired Unit

YAN Ming

（Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co.，Ltd.，Hangzhou， Zhejiang Province，310030 China）

Abstract：In recent years， coal-fired thermal power enterprises have been increasing the intensity of blending， and the calorific value of coal has changed frequently， which seriously affects the safety and economy of units. At present， due to technical and economic constraints， the calorific value of coal in the furnace generally remains at the stage of regular off-line testing， whether in terms of real-time data or representative sampling， the utility model can not meet the requirements of fast response， fast peak regulation and safe and economical operation of the power network.In this paper， a soft-sensing method based on the power-coal Ratio Coefficient and the fusion of Dynamic and static characteristic information is applied to the coordinated control system of a 350MW supercritical unit， the unbalance of the ratio of fuel to water caused by the change of the calorific value of coal is solved， and the dynamic response， stability and economy of the unit are improved.

KeyWords：Soft-sensing of coal quality;Combustion characteristics;Information fusion;Coordinated control

近年煤電企业不断加大掺烧力度，入炉煤热值变化频繁，导致机组协调控制系统难以及时、准确地响应调整，燃烧稳定性大幅下降。而入炉煤热值普遍还停留在定期离线化验阶段，远不能满足机组快速响应电网调峰和安全经济运行的要求。

1入炉煤热值对超临界机组协调控制系统的必要性

燃煤热值变化是影响煤电机组运行的重要因素，尤其对超临界机组影响极大。因亚临界汽包炉的协调控制尚可采用直接能量平衡（DEB）法构成热量信号，而超临界直流炉无汽包配置，蓄热能力更弱，需维持一定过热度才能达到热态运行，无法得到类似汽包炉的热量信号，故存在燃料与给水耦合问题。其工质流和能量流相互影响，使水、汽温及协调控制回路之间存在很强的非线性耦合，因此对燃料所含的热量与给水间的配合要求很高，燃料热值变化势必影响系统平衡和控制系统调节品质，甚至波及机组运行稳定性。……