小学英语故事教学问题分析与策略探寻
2021-04-11张爱霞
○张爱霞
《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》明确阐述了故事教学关于学生在听、说、读、写、玩演视听方面的语言技能要求。不同版本的小学英语教材都设置了故事教学板块,但有些教师对故事教学定位不准,缺乏必要的教学策略,导致小学英语故事教学问题重重。本文结合具体课例,对故事教学中的常见问题进行梳理,并提出相应的解决策略。
【教学回放】
教学内容:Billy Bee故事教学,课件呈现第三张图片。
T: Boys and girls,Please look at the picture 3. Benny Bee and Billy Bee are talking.What are they talking?
Ss: How far is it?It’s about 20 kilometres.
T: How far“多 远”. For example. How far is it from Beijing to Shijiazhuang?It’s 278 kilometres. Read after me!
Ss: How far is it from Beijing to Shijiazhuang?It’s 278 kilometres.
...
【诊断分析】
在小学英语故事教学中,故事作为重要载体,为学生学习语言知识、提升语言技能提供了内容和情境。我们要充分利用故事图文并茂、富含情境、语言重复性高等特点,开展与故事相关的教学活动,促进学生语言能力、思维能力等多种素养协同发展。但在实施教学过程中,由于教师对其内涵及原则把握程度不同,实施效果也不尽相同。本节课,教师就上成了复习课,挖出本单元重点句型“How far is it?It is…”来讲解,导致失去了故事教学本身的意义,更不能激发学生的阅读兴趣。
【教学重构】
T: Boys and girls,first,Let’s listen to the story and answer the questions. How many bees?Who are they?
S: Three bees.They are Benny bee,Billy bee and the queen bee.
T: Please look at the picture 3. Listen,what are they talking?Can you imitate it?
S1: How far is it?
S2: It’s about twenty kilometers.
...
T:Good! Next time choose your favourite character and act it out.
教学Billy Bee时,我们可以把语言知识放在听故事、读故事、演故事以及相关的活动中。学生认真听故事,回答问题How many bees?Who are they?初步了解故事大意;学生读故事进行图片环游模仿Billy Bee 和Benny Bee 对话的语音语调,培养英语语感;Act out the story 更是让学生学会把握故事的主线,结合自身肢体语言呈现自己对故事的理解。
【教学回放】
教学内容:阅读欣赏The Dog and the Bone

T: Today,we’ll learn the storyThe Dog and the Bone. Look at the pictures. Where was the dog?
S1: The dog was taking a walk in the city park.
T: What was the dog see?
S1: He saw a bone in the grass.
T: Look at the picture 2. What was the dog thinking?
S2: The dog thought he didn’t want any help.
T: Why?
S2: Because he didn’t want his friends to eat any of the bone.
...
【诊断分析】
上述教学片段,教师不能将故事的设疑、语言、图片创设于文本学习的大情境中,忽视图片的观察和引导,忽视问题的启发性,浅层次提问诸如“Where was the dog?……