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非结构道路环境下的智能汽车质心侧偏角估计

2021-04-09王建锋李娜

计算技术与自动化 2021年1期

王建锋 李娜

摘 要:车辆质心侧偏角是描述车辆侧向运动状态的重要参量之一,其估计的精度直接影响车辆的安全控制,传统的质心侧偏角估计方法不能满足非结构道路环境下的智能汽车质心侧偏角估计的要求。通过建立3 自由度智能汽车动力学模型,采用CarSim和MATLAB 构建智能汽车整车参数化模型;基于扩展kalman滤波(EKF)算法,设计非结构道路环境下的状态观测器对智能汽车质心侧偏角进行估计。在高、低附着系数路面双移线工况和蛇形工况下,对状态观测器的估计效果进行联合仿真验证。仿真结果表明:该方法能较精确地估计出非结构道路环境下智能汽车的质心侧偏角。

关键词:智能汽车;质心侧偏角;非结构道路;估计

中图分类号:U461      文献标识码:A

Sideslip Angle Estimation of Intelligent

Vehicle in Unstructured Road Environment

WANG Jian-feng1,2,LI Na1

(1.Shaanxi Road Traffic Intelligent Detection and Equipment Engineering Technology Research Centre, Changan

University, Xian,Shaanxi 710064,China;2.Shool of Automobile, Changan University,Xian,Shaanxi 710064,China)

Abstract:Sideslip angle of vehicle is one of the important parameters to describe the lateral motion state of vehicles, and the accuracy of its estimation directly affects the safety control of vehicles. The traditional sideslip angle estimation method can not meet the requirements of sideslip angle estimation of intelligent vehicles in unstructured road environment. Through the establishment of 3-dof vehicle dynamics model, CarSim and MATLAB were used to construct the parametric model of the whole intelligent vehicle. Based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm, a state observer was designed to estimate sideslip angle of the intelligent vehicle. The estimation effect of the state observer was verified by the joint simulation under the double lane change test and double lane change test of road with high and low adhesion coefficient. The simulation results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the sideslip angle of intelligent vehicle in unstructured road environment.

Key words:intelligent vehicle;sideslip angle;unstructured road;estimation

非結构化道路环境复杂,通常没有车道线和明显的道路边界。车辆在非结构化道路上行驶比在结构化道路上行驶更复杂。鉴于非结构道路环境的复杂性,研究非结构道路环境下的智能汽车主动控制具有重要的意义[1]。

质心侧偏角是汽车安全控制中的重要参数,实时、准确地获取汽车的质心侧偏角是实现车辆安全控制的重要保障,尤其在非结构道路环境下。汽车的质心侧偏角定义为汽车质心处的侧向速度与纵向速度的比值,无法直接测量。只能通过车载传感器测量汽车侧向加速度、横摆角速度、转向盘转角等参数采用数据融合的方法进行估计。

目前,质心侧偏角估计的方法主要有基于数值积分的估计方法、基于动力学模型估计方法和基于机器学习的估计方法。……

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