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一种基于照度随天顶角变化规律的卫星微光图像光度校正算法

2021-03-21孙建锟

科技创新导报 2021年29期

孙建锟

摘要:本文提出一种改进的卫星微光图像光度校正算法,用以改善微光卫星的产品质量。星载微光成像系统能够在晨昏附近区域获取大量信息,但该区域内图像动态范围极大,光照强度变化成为图像信号的主要成分,需要进行光度校正处理。国际现有的微光图像光度校正算法技术不公处理的效果也不理想。本文提出一种根据太阳天顶角调整增益的卫星微光图像光度校正算法,用以改善微光卫星的产品质量。

关键词:微光卫星  光度校正  大气辐射  遥感图像处理

A Kind of Satellite Low-Light Image Luminosity Correction Algorithm Based on the Illuminance Varying with the Zenith Angle

SUN Jiankun1,2,3

Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094; 2. School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China; 3. Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and

Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China)

Abstract: In this paper, it proposes an improved satellite low-light-level image luminosity correction algorithm to improve the product quality of low-light-level satellites. The satellite-borne low-light-level imaging system can obtain a large amount of information in the vicinity of the dawn and dusk, but the dynamic range of the image in this area is extremely large, and the change of light intensity becomes the main component of the image signal, which requires photometric correction processing. The existing international low-light-level image luminosity correction algorithm technology does not work well. The paper proposes a satellite low-light-level image luminosity correction algorithm that adjusts the gain according to the sun's zenith angle to improve the product quality of low-light-level satellites.

Key Words: Low-light satellite; Luminosity correction; Atmospheric radiation; Remote sensing image processing

本文通过一个解析的处处可导的函数对欧洲气象卫星利用组织开发的一种简化的高对比度和近恒定对比度方法(simplified high and near-constant contrast,HNCC)中不够准确地“校正曲线”进行修正,使其能更准确地呈现大气层顶表观反射率。笔者使用S-NPP卫星的数据对该方法进行了测试。结果表明,校正效果较HNCC有所提升,校正残余减少,对比美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)和美国国家航空航天局的产品也有一定优势。

1 简介

近年来,以美国军事气象卫星 DMSP的OLS载荷和S-NPP卫星的VIIRS 载荷为代表的星载微光成像系统受到广泛的关注。

微光成像卫星的发展较快,应用效果显著。星载微光成像系统工作在可见光-近红外谱段,可以在微弱光照条件下探测到热红外谱段无法探测的大量信息[1],极大地拓展了卫星对夜间以及晨昏线附近区域的观测能力。微光成像卫星在城市监测[2-4]、渔船监测[5]、气象海洋现象检测[1]、积雪探测[6]、人口对比[7]等领域取得了众多应用成果。……

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