潘璐璐 董锁拽 蒋小葵 潘钰池

摘要： 浙江省是中国重要的丝类商品生产和贸易地，其质量对浙江丝绸产业的可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。文章从检验量、委托检验单位、丝类商品质量及进出口情况等方面对2019年检验的丝类商品进行统计分析。统计结果表明，2019年度浙江地区的生丝及绢丝总体质量较上一年有所下降，粗丝的总体质量与上一年比略有提升。2019年浙江地区丝类商品出口量及金额较上一年都有下降，而进口量及金额均有较大涨幅。通过统计分析，建議注重优质蚕茧生产基地建设与缫丝生产技术提升，促进丝类产品高质量发展，加快推广生丝电子检测应用及产品认证，使高品位丝类商品更具国际竞争力，同时关注丝类商品的全球化发展趋势，积极建立相关应对措施。

关键词： 浙江;丝类商品;生丝;进出口贸易;质量分析

Abstract： Zhejiang province is an important silk commodity production and trade area in China. The quality of its silk commodities is of remarkable significance for the sustainable development of Zhejiang silk industry. This paper makes a statistical analysis of silk products inspected in 2019 from the perspectives of inspection quantity， inspection clients， quality of silk products and import and export. The statistical results show that compared with 2018， the overall quality of raw silk and spun silk in Zhejiang province in 2019 decreased， while the overall quality of thick silk increased to a certain degree. Compared with 2018， both the export volume and amount of silk commodities in Zhejiang province in 2019 decreased， while both the import volume and amount significantly increased. The statistical analysis suggests that it is highly recommended to build superior sericulture production bases， improve the production technique of reeling silk， facilitate the high-quality development of silk commodities and accelerate the popularization of raw silk electronic test and product certification， in order to promote the international competitiveness of high-grade silk commodities. Moreover， attention also needs to be paid to the latest development of silk commodities in the global market and establish countermeasures actively.

Key words： Zhejiang; silk commodities; raw silk; import and export; quality analysis

中国是世界上最大的蚕丝生产国与出口国，茧、丝产量占世界总产量的80%左右[1]。根据国家统计局数据，2018年全国丝产量8.65万t，其中生丝产量82 235 t，绢丝产量4 277 t[2]。浙江是传统的蚕桑、蚕丝及丝绸制品生产加工地区，丝绸产业在浙江已有约五千年的历史[3]。中华人民共和国成立以来，尤其是国家“改革开放”政策，浙江的丝绸产业发展迅猛，桑蚕茧、丝产量最高时分别达到13.53万t（1992年）和1.4万t（1994年）[4-5]。2000年以后，随着国家“东桑西移”战略的实施，加上丝绸产业结构性调整、人民币持续升值及世界金融危机等因素，使浙江的蚕桑及蚕丝产业急剧萎缩，浙江的蚕桑、蚕丝产量占比在全国逐年下降[6]。……