唐玉春 唐艺华 周焜 李福荣 周君浩 袁坤 杨庆焱 崔俊 张燚 唐文艺 刘曦

摘  要：为提高烤后烟叶质量，减轻烘烤劳动强度的问题，在2020年的基础上反复改进测试，进一步扩大试验范围和规模，在全市8个种烟县（区）安装烟叶烘烤自动加煤装置的烤房，并与常规人工加煤烤房进行对比试验，通过对烘烤能耗、加煤次数、烤后烟叶外观质量以及经济性状等指标进行对比分析，研究自动加煤装置及配套技术在密集型烘烤中的可行性。研究结果表面：相对于常规的人工加煤烤房，自动加煤烤房实现了加煤的自动化调控，释放了劳动力，同时避免了人工加煤所导致的温、湿度不稳，提高了烟叶烘烤质量，取得了不错经济效益。

关健词：密集烘烤;自动加煤;能耗;烤后烟叶质量;经济效益

Abstract： In order to improve the quality of tobacco-cured tobacco leaves and reduce the labor intensity of tobacco-cured tobacco leaves， the test was repeatedly improved on the basis of 2020， and the scope and scale of the test were further expanded. The tobacco-cured tobacco automatic stoking equipment was installed in 8 tobacco-growing counties （districts） of the city， and the comparison test was conducted with the conventional manual stoking equipment. The feasibility of automatic coal feeding device and supporting technology in intensive baking was studied by comparing and analyzing the indexes of curing energy consumption， coal feeding times， appearance quality and economic characters of cured tobacco leaves. The results showed that compared with the conventional manual stoking oven， the automatic stoking oven realized the automatic control of stoking， released the labor force， avoided the temperature and humidity instability caused by manual stoking， improved the quality of tobacco curing， and achieved good economic benefits.

Key words： Intensive baking;Automatic coal;The energy consumption;Quality of cured tobacco leaves;Economic benefits

1 引言

烤房的性能好壞是落实烘烤工艺的关键，是保证烘烤质量的前提，是降低烘烤损失和烘烤成本成本的基础。我国大部分烟区都是以温湿度自动控制的密集烤房为主，这类烤房性能好，烘烤效果较好。目前，随着烟叶生产数字化转型升级，烟叶烘烤的数字化转型也势在必行。但是，我市使用的烤房中，生物质烤房仅占10%左右，大部分烤房仍依靠人工加煤进行烘烤操作，人工加煤导致烟农劳动强度大、用工成本增加，而且容易出现烘烤措施不及时、烤房内温度波动幅度大、燃料利用率低等问题，标准的烘烤工艺精准落实困难，严重影响了烘烤出的烟叶质量。因此，为了向烘烤数字化转型升级并轨，加强对密集烤房自动化系统的研究显得十分迫切。……