史宝军 程澄 孟原 杨美德 张德权

摘要 为提升啮合传动的传动准确性与平稳性，提出了一种改善啮合传动性能的策略，分析了接触参数对啮合传动的影响。首先，采用基于赫兹接触理论的冲击函数法，推导了接触力的计算公式;其次，以含有侧隙的齿轮传动为例进行仿真分析，研究了接触力对传动准确性及平稳性的影响;最后，通过仿真分析及多项式拟合技术，研究了接触参数对传动性能的影响，进行了参数的敏感性分析。分析结果表明，较小的接触力可获得较为准确及平稳的啮合传动，对传动准确性和平稳性影响最敏感的参数为接触刚度，最不敏感的参数为摩擦系数。以啮合力最小为优化目标，通过优化摆线针轮及RV减速器中啮合的接触参数，获得了准确又平稳的传动，验证了所提分析方法的有效性。

关 键 词 接触力;接触参数;啮合传动;敏感性;摆线针轮

中图分类号 TH132.4     文献标志码 A

文章编号：1007-2373（2021）06-0023-07

Abstract In order to improve the accuracy and stability of the meshing transmission， a strategy to improve the meshing transmission performance is proposed， and the influence of contact parameters on the meshing transmission is analyzed. Firstly， the impact function method based on Hertz contact theory is used to derive the formula of contact force. Secondly， taking the gear transmission with side gap as an example， the simulation analysis is carried out to study the influence of contact force on the accuracy and stability of the transmission. Finally， through a simulation analysis and polynomial fitting technology， the influence of contact parameters on transmission performance was studied， and the sensitivity of parameters was analyzed. The analysis results show that a relatively accurate and stable meshing transmission can be achieved with a small contact force. The contact stiffness is the most sensitive parameter to the accuracy and stability of the transmission， and the friction coefficient is the least sensitive parameter. Taking the minimum meshing force as the optimization objective， the accurate and stable transmission is obtained by optimizing the contact parameters of cycloidal needle wheel and RV reducer， and the effectiveness of the proposed analysis method is verified.

Key words contact force; contact parameters; meshing transmission; sensitivity; cycloidal needle wheel

0 引言

嚙合传动在机械领域中十分常见，利用一定形状的轮廓做相对运动实现动力传递，一般使用在传动设备中。啮合传动中最重要的是保证传动具有良好的平稳性及准确性。啮合传动中，通过控制传动过程的振动程度、瞬时传动比的变化范围以及实际传动比相对于理论传动比的变化范围，得到性能优良的啮合传动。啮合传动中，影响传动的平稳性及准确性的因素主要是啮合产生的接触冲击，传动速度越高，接触冲击力也越大[1]。……