田丽娜 王欣心 郭永超 杨霄星 李彦奇 史文雅 刘超 张建军

[摘要] 目的 分析北京市豐台区2009—2020年梅毒和淋病的流行特征，为制订防治策略提供科学依据。 方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集整理2009—2020年丰台区梅毒、淋病疫情数据并进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2009—2020年丰台区报告梅毒病例5640例、淋病1811例，年均报告发病率为22.07/10万和7.31/10万，梅毒发病率波动并总体下降（χ2趋势=69.946，P<0.05），淋病发病率呈明显下降趋势（χ2趋势=118.865，P<0.001）;隐性梅毒居各期梅毒首位，占60.76%，占比逐年上升（χ2趋势=283.377，P<0.001）;梅毒病例以20～49岁青壮年、60岁以上老年人、待业人员、离退人员为主;淋病病例以男性、20～49岁青壮年、待业人员、商业服务人员为主;两种性病发病主要集中在经济发达的中东部地区。 结论 丰台区的梅毒和淋病发病总体呈下降趋势，但隐性梅毒发病占比上升，重点人群和区域发病依然严峻。提示在今后公共卫生服务中应进一步落实梅毒主动筛查，强调更多关注流动人口及老年人的健康需求，努力提高他们的健康水平。

[关键词] 梅毒;淋病;性传播疾病;流行特征

[中图分类号] R759          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）36-0138-04

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of syphilis and gonorrhea in fengtai district of Beijing from 2009 to 2020

TIAN Li′na   WANG Xinxin   GUO Yongchao   YANG Xiaoxing   LI Yanqi   SHI Wenya   LIU Chao   ZHANG Jianjun

Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing， Beijing   100071， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of syphilis and gonorrhea in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2009 to 2020 and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods The epidemic data of syphilis and gonorrhea in Fengtai district from 2009 to 2020 were collected and analyzed by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The data on syphilis and gonorrhea epidemics in Fengtai District from 2009 to 2020 were collected and organized through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results From 2009 to 2020， 5640 cases of syphilis and 1811 cases of gonorrhea were reported in Fengtai District， with an average annual reported incidence rate of 22.07/100，000 and 7.31/100，000. The incidence of syphilis fluctuated and decreased overall（χ2trend=69.946， P<0.05）， and the incidence of gonorrhea showed a significant downward trend （χ2trend=118.865， P<0.001）; latent syphilis ranked first in all stages of syphilis， accounting for 60.76%， and the proportion is increasing year by year（χ2trend=283.377， P<0.001）; syphilis cases were mainly young adults aged 20-49 years，the elderly over 60 years， unemployed， and retired; gonorrhea cases were mainly male，young adults aged 20-49 years， unemployed， and commercial service personnel;the incidence of the two venereal diseases was mainly concentrated in economically developed central and eastern regions. Conclusion The incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea in Fengtai district shows an overall downward trend， but the incidence of latent syphilis is increasing. The incidence of key populations and regions remains severe. It is suggested that in the future public health services should further implement active screening for syphilis， emphasize more attention to the health needs of the floating population and the elderly， and strive to improve their health.

[Key words] Syphilis; Gonorrhea; Sexually transmitted diseases; Epidemic characteristics

梅毒和淋病为法定报告乙类传染病，发病率高，流行面广，是危害广大人民群众身体健康的性传播疾病。近年，我国梅毒发病持续上升[1-2]。国内某些地区的淋病在经历多年持续下降后，近年出现上升趋势。北京市作为首都城市，是我国的政治、经济、文化和交通中心，丰台区位于北京市区西南的城乡结合区域，人口数量居北京市第三，且外来务工人口聚集，人员流动性大，梅毒、淋病等性传播疾病的感染风险大。……