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高辣型黄色泡椒新品种明椒8号的选育

2021-01-13曾绍贵邱胤晖吴立东罗英朱邦彤李永清

中国瓜菜 2021年12期

曾绍贵 邱胤晖 吴立东 罗英 朱邦彤 李永清

摘    要: 明椒8号是以m112-3-1-3-2为母本、f 243-2-4-3-1为父本配制而成的杂交1代辣椒新品种。该品种在福建地区早春塑料大棚栽培模式下生育期260 d左右,中后期坐果能力强,双生果多;株高85 cm,开展度75 cm,果实为小泡椒形,青熟果淡绿色,老熟果为金黄色,果长6.0 cm,果肩宽度2.0 cm,果肉厚度0.15 cm,单果质量8 g,果面光滑有光泽,味辛辣。果实维生素C含量(w,后同)120 mg·100 g-1,二氢辣椒素含量2.760 g·kg-1,667 m2产量2500 kg。适合海南、福建等地区大棚或露地栽培种植。2020年通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。

关键词: 辣椒; 新品种; 明椒8号; 杂交1代

中图分类号: S642.1 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1673-2871(2021)12-110-04

Abstract: Mingjiao No. 8 is a new hybrid pepper variety developed by crossing m112-3-1-3-2 as female parent and f243-2-4-3-1 as the male parent. In early spring under plastic sheet covered greenhouse cultivation in Fujian, the growth period of this variety is about 260 days, the fruit setting ability is strong in the middle and late stage, and there are many twin fruits. The plant height is 85 cm, degree of development is 75 cm. Fruit is in the shape of bubble pepper, immature fruit is light green, and ripe fruit is golden yellow. The fruit is 6.0 cm long, shoulder width is 2.0 cm, flesh thickness is 0.15cm, and the single fruit weight of 8 g. The fruit surface is smooth and shiny, and the taste is spicy. Fruit contains 120 mg·100 g-1 Vitamin C and 2.760 g·kg-1 capsaicin. The yield on 667 m2 is about 2500 kg. Mingjiao No. 8 is suitable for Hainan,Fujian and other areas in greenhouses or open field cultivation.

Key words: Hot pepper; Mingjiao No. 8; F1 Hybrid

1 育种目标

辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)为茄科辣椒属[1]一年生草本植物。据农业农村部大宗蔬菜体系统计,目前年播种面积超过200万hm2[2]。黄椒属尖椒类品种,黄椒果实中含有黄椒素,其速冻保鲜,简易方便,贮藏期1 a(年)以上,仍能保持鲜品原形原色原味。目前,我国大面积种植的黄椒品种仍以地方品种为主[3]。福建辣椒种植历史悠久,黄椒是三明市特色农产品,黄椒的栽培历史悠久,迄今已有几百年历史[4],黄椒的外观色泽黄亮,辣味爽口剌激,清香浓郁,风味独特,因而备受青睐[5]。各地黄椒生产病害严重,发病率一般为30%~40%,严重的达到70%~80%,导致黄椒产量变低、品质下降。随着农业产业结构的调整,福建省黄椒种植面积逐年扩大,辣椒产业在农业发展、农村富裕和农民增收中发挥巨大作用[6]。不同类型新品种的需求也越来越强烈,缺乏抗病、抗逆、优质专用品种的问题越来越突出[7]。……

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