APP下载

小果型西瓜新品种众天彤艳的选育

2021-01-13王平勇李文东侯冲李杰薛洋刘慧琪井双泉徐志红

中国瓜菜 2021年12期

王平勇 李文东 侯冲 李杰 薛洋 刘慧琪 井双泉 徐志红

摘    要:众天彤艳是以高代自交系N45为母本、高代自交系N13为父本杂交选育出的小果型西瓜新品种。在河南地区早春塑料大棚种植,全生育期110 d左右,授粉后果实发育期约为35 d。第1雌花在第8节左右出现,之后每隔5~6节出现1朵雌花。果实椭圆形,单瓜质量1.5~2.5 kg,果皮绿底覆深绿色细齿条,表皮光滑无蜡粉,果皮厚度约0.5 cm,瓤为红色,口感好,果实中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)11.0%~13.5%,边部10.0%左右。适宜在河南、山东、湖北、新疆、广东等地进行保護地早春茬栽培。2018年9月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。

关键词:小果型西瓜; 新品种; 众天彤艳

中图分类号: S651 文献标志码: A 文章编号:1673-2871(2021)12-107-03

Abstract: Zhongtian Tongyan is a diploid mini watermelon variety developed by crossing the inbred line N45 as the female parent and the inbred line N13 as the male parent in Henan. This variety can be cultivated in the greenhouse. The whole growth period in early spring is about 110 days. The fruit development period is about 35 days. The first female flower appears near the 8th node of the main vine and later every 5-6 nodes. The fruit is oval, with the green peel covered with thin green stripes. The fruit surface is smooth without wax powder. Single fruit weighs 1.5-2.5 kg. The average thickness of the peel is 0.5 cm. The flesh is red and tastes good, and the soluble solids content in the centre fruit is 11.0%-13.5% and 10.0% near the rind, respectively. This variety is suitable for protected cultivation in Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Xinjiang, Guangdong and other places in early spring. In September 2018, it was registered as a non-major crop variety by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

Key words: Small-fruit watermelon; New variety; Zhongtian Tongyan

1 育种目标

西瓜在我国是一种重要的瓜类水果,据联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)统计数据,2019年我国西瓜播种面积达147.16万hm2,总产量为6086万t,面积占世界总面积的60%以上,产量占70%以上 [1-2]。随着人们生活水平的提高,消费者对西瓜皮色、瓤色、口感、风味提出了更高的要求。小果型西瓜果型小巧、外观漂亮、肉质细嫩、含糖量高、风味丰富,日益受到消费者青睐,将对推进我国农业供给侧结构改革和乡村振兴、保障与提高人民生活水平发挥重要作用[3-8]。近年来我国的小果型西瓜产业发展迅速,但存在着种子市场混乱,优质特色品种不足,部分产区品种更新滞后,产地优势和市场优势逐渐丧失等问题[9-10]。针对当前面临的问题,为了进一步丰富小果型西瓜的品种类型,满足生产者和消费者对新品种的追求,笔者所在团队多年来以小果型西瓜资源创新为主要工作内容,力求培育出外形美观、瓤色引人、风味可口的小果型西瓜新品种。……

登录APP查看全文