赵珊 吴娇 何燕 高兆银 钟义海 韩文素 赵冬香 高景林 王释婕

摘    要：为探讨不同授粉方式对设施网纹甜瓜品质的影响，以设施网纹甜瓜耀珑25号为试材，分析在激素授粉和中华蜜蜂授粉下的果实外观品质、有机酸和可溶性糖含量的变化并进行主成分分析。研究结果表明，激素授粉和蜜蜂授粉下，网纹甜瓜果实的柠檬酸含量是有机酸含量中最高的，且二者差异极显著，分别为（800.67±6.84）μg·mL-1和（863.33±4.91）μg·mL-1;激素授粉和蜜蜂授粉网纹甜瓜果实的果糖含量是可溶性糖含量中最高的，且二者差异极显著，分别为（190.67±4.84）μg·mL-1和（141.00±4.04）μg·mL-1。主成分分析结果表明，pH和苹果酸、果糖、柠檬酸、琥珀酸、蔗糖、可溶性固形物含量可以作为区别激素授粉和蜜蜂授粉网纹甜瓜的品质指标。综上所述，蜜蜂授粉的网纹甜瓜食用品质优于激素授粉，为网纹甜瓜果实品质调控和利用中华蜜蜂为设施农业授粉服务的可行性提供了理论依据。

关键词：设施网纹甜瓜;中华蜜蜂;氯吡脲;品质;主成分分析

中图分类号：S652 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）12-041-06

Abstract： In this study， in order to explore the effects of forchlorfenuron pollination and Apis cerana cerana pollination on the quality of netted melon， the appearance quality， organic acid and soluble sugar content of greenhouse netted melon Yaolong No. 25 were analysed together with principal component analysis. The results showed that the contents of citric acid in netted melons by forchlorfenuron pollination and honeybee pollination were significantly different， （800.67±6.84）μg·mL-1 and （863.33±4.91） μg·mL-1， respectively. For the contents of fructose there were significant differences between the netted melons by forchlorfenuron pollination and honeybee pollination， （190.67±4.84）μg·mL-1 and （141.00±4.04）μg·mL-1， respectively. The principal component analysis showed that pH， malic acid， fructose， citric acid， succinic acid， sucrose and Brix could be used as quality indexes to distinguish the netted melon by two pollination methods. This study demonstrated that the eating quality of the netted melon pollinated by honeybees was better compared to that of forchlorfenuron pollination， which will provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of netted melon fruit and the feasibility of using honeybees to provide pollination services for greenhouse agriculture.

Key words： Greenhouse netted melon; Apis cerana cerana; Forchlorfenuron; Quality; Principal component analysis

甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）为葫芦科黄瓜属一年生蔓性草本植物，享有“甜于诸瓜，独得甘甜”的美誉[1]。我国甜瓜栽培面积与总产量均居世界首位[2]，分别占世界总量的36.10 %和48.88 %[3]。消费者对甜瓜产量和营养品质的要求日益提高，且对品质的要求更趋向于个性化，因此提高甜瓜的产量和品质具有重要意义[4]。网纹甜瓜因其外观独特的纹路和特有的香气已成为甜瓜中的佳品，其味美香甜、多汁爽口、营养丰富，含有人体必需的多种维生素、氨基酸和微量元素[5]。……