石海东 宋昊 郑敬于 崔翰予 国承亮

摘要：目的采用横断面调查的方法研究中老年人缺牙数目与高血压的相关性。方法选取2020——2021年山东老年队列研究中 50岁以上社区中老年人共 3677名，收集他们的血脂值和缺失牙数目。缺失牙数目采用自我报告调查问卷收集。根据2018美国血胆固醇管理指南的划分标准，将样本人群划分为高血脂组和非高血脂组，采用多元logistic回归分析高血脂和缺牙数目间的关系。结果样本人群平均缺牙9.67颗。高血脂组人均缺牙10.88颗，非高血脂组人均缺牙8.95颗（P < 0.001）。调整年龄、BMI、吸烟史、心脏病史、糖尿病史和是否超重后，缺牙4～14颗与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低相关（HDL-C）（<1.0 mmol/L）缺牙≥ 15颗与总胆固醇（TC）水平升高相关（≥5.2 mmol/L）1.09～2.20）。结论缺失牙过多与血脂异常显著相关。不良口腔健康状况可能是中国中老年人血脂异常的危险因素。

关键词：老年人;血脂异常;缺牙数目

Abstract： Objective To study the correlation of tooth deficiency and hypertension using a cross-sectional survey.Methods A total of 3677 elderly people aged over 50 years old in the 2020 —— 2021 Shandong Old Age cohort study were selected to collect their blood lipid values and missing teeth number.Number of missing teeth was collected using a self-report questionnaire.The relationship between hyperlipidemia and non-hyperlipidemia tooth number was divided in the sample population according to the 2018 US blood cholesterol management guidelines， and the relationship between blood cholesterol was analyzed using multiple logistic regression.Results The average sample population lost 9.67 teeth . The hyperlipidemia group lacked 10.88 teeth per person， but not

The hyperlipidemia group lacked 8.95 teeth per person （P <0.001）.After adjusting for age， BMI， smoking， heart disease， diabetes， and overweight， 4 to 14 were associated with reduced HDL cholesterol levels （HDL-C） （<1.0 mmol/L） 15 were associated with increased total cholesterol （TC） levels （5.2 mmol/L） 1.09 to 2.20）.Conclusion Excessive number of missing teeth was significantly associated with dyslipidemia.Poor oral health status may be a risk factor for dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly China.

Key words： the elderly; dyslipidemia; the number of missing teeth

高血脂會引起血管动脉硬化，导致脑供血不足，甚至是发生急性脑梗死。患者可能会有头晕，口唇麻木，肢体麻木，严重的还会有肢体偏瘫，失语，甚至意识障碍。血脂高影响心血管的供血，导致冠心病，可能会有心绞痛的症状，像是心慌，胸闷，胸痛。严重的会发生急性心肌梗死，导致患者出现剧烈的胸痛，大汗，甚至是心源性的晕厥。高血脂影响外周循环，导致外周血管动脉硬化，可能会有外周供血不足的情况，像是下肢的动脉粥样硬化，会影响下肢的血供，导致双手，双足发凉，严重的还会有间歇性跛行。血脂高还会导致脂肪肝，可能患者会有厌油腻，饮食不好或者是右上腹不舒服。……