激光清洗+激光焊接复合工艺制备6013T6铝合金焊接接头的组织与性能
2021-01-11鲁炎卿曹运成林惠娴罗子艺
鲁炎卿 曹运成 林惠娴 罗子艺









摘要:激光清洗是一种新型表面处理技术,其能够在不损伤基体的前提下去除基体表面的污染物层。本文在焊接之前采用f=30 kHz,UP=UL=40 %时,P=5 W的激光清洗工艺参数对6013T6铝合金试板表面进行了预处理,之后采用TrupmfTrudisk 10002碟片式激光器,激光焊接工艺参数为焊接功率2.85KW、焊接速度2.5 m/min、离焦量-1mm,制备了5mm厚的6013T6铝合金单道次焊接接头。采用扫描电子显微镜观察了焊接接头的显微组织,利用显微硬度计测定了焊接接头的硬度分布曲线。结果表明,焊前预处理采用f=30 kHz,UP=UL=40 %时,P=5 W的激光清洗工艺,能够有效地改进6013T6铝合金大功率激光焊接的焊缝表面成形质量、力学性能。
关键词:激光清洗;6013T6铝合金;显微组织
ABSTRACT:Laser cleaning is a new surface treatment technology, which can remove the pollutant layer on the substrate surface without damaging the substrate. In this paper, the surface of 6013T6 aluminum alloy test plate was pretreated with F = 30 kHz, up = UL = 40% and P = 5 W laser cleaning process parameters before welding. Then, the single pass welded joint of 6013T6 aluminum alloy was prepared with trupmftrudisk 10002 disc laser. The laser welding process parameters were welding power 2.85 kW, welding speed 2.5 m / min and defocus - 1 mm. The microstructure of the sample was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the hardness distribution curve of the welded joint was measured by microhardness tester. The results show that the laser cleaning process with f = 30 kHz, UP = UL = 40% and P = 5 W can effectively improve the weld surface forming quality and mechanical properties of 6013T6 aluminum alloy high-power laser welding.
KEY WORDS:Laser cleaning; 6013T6aluminum alloy; Microstructure
隨着我国轨道交通运输行业的迅速发展,在轨道交通、深海船舶和航空航天等行业的关键零部件上使用了大量的铝合金材料[1-3]。铝合金在存放过程中会形成一层氧化膜,其氧化膜不仅熔点硬度高,而且易吸收水分和吸附污物。在铝合金焊接时,表面存在的氧化膜会对焊接质量造成严重的影响。为了获得高质量的焊缝,在焊接前需要对铝合金进行预处理,彻底地去除合金表面的氧化层和其他污染物。
常见的铝合金预处理工艺方式主要是机械打磨和化学清洗[4],但是这两者已经不能满足技术高速进步下的现代工业对高质量焊接的要求。激光清洗是一种新型表面处理技术,它能够在不损伤基体的前提下对基体表面的污染物层进行扫描和去除。……
