廖志伟 张文锦 陈琳韬 黄杰栋 庄竞

摘   要：为使燃煤发电企业降低燃料成本，实现燃料科学管控，提出一种综合考虑发电可靠性和生产经济性的燃料成本双层优化模型，上层为电煤采购库存混合整数规划模型，下层为混煤掺烧非线性优化模型，双层模型交替迭代协调优化，实现燃料管控动态决策. 针对优化模型高维多约束情况，提出一种混沌映射初始化和高斯变异结合的改进灰狼优化算法. 以某燃煤电厂模拟运营进行算例验证分析，结果表明，所提模型可以降低燃煤电厂7.80%的燃煤成本，证明了所提模型与求解算法的有效性和可行性.

关键词：燃煤电厂;动态规划;电煤采购;混煤掺烧;灰狼优化算法

中图分类号：TM621                             文献标志码：A

Management and Control Model of Coal-fired Power Generation

Enterprise Based on Dynamic Fuel Cost Bi-level Optimization

LIAO Zhiwei†，ZHANG Wenjin，CHEN Lintao，HUANG Jiedong，ZHAUNG Jing

（School of Electric Power Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510641，China）

Abstract：In order to reduce fuel costs and achieve scientific fuel control in coal-fired power generation enterprises， a bi-level fuel cost optimization model that comprehensively considers the reliability of power generation and the economy of production is proposed in this paper. The upper layer is a mixed integer programming model for power coal purchasing and inventory， while the lower layer is a nonlinear optimization model for mixed coal combustion. The bi-level model is the alternating iterative coordination optimization to realize the dynamic decision-making of fuel control. Then， an improved gray wolf optimization algorithm combining chaos mapping initialization and Gaussian mutation is proposed for the high dimensional and multiple constraints of the optimization model. Finally， a simulated operation of a coal-fired power plant is used to verify the results. The results show that the proposed model can reduce the coal cost of coal fired power plant by 7.80%， which proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model and solution algorithm.

Key words：coal fired power plants;dynamic programming;electric coal purchase;mixed coal blending;grey wolf optimization algorithm

隨着电煤价格双轨制取消以及供给侧结构性改革引起电煤市场波动性增强，电煤价格连年走高[1]，直接导致燃煤发电企业生产成本提高;与此同时，风电、光电等低边际成本可再生能源参与电力市场竞争，导致市场出清价格接近或低于燃煤机组发电成本，并使得燃煤电厂中标发电量进一步降低[2]. 以燃煤电厂为代表的传统火电企业陷入电力市场运营困境，甚至出现亏损情况[3]. 因此，火电企业亟须优化现行运营策略以降低发电成本从而增强电力市场竞争力.

燃煤电厂的燃料成本占据发电成本的70%～80%，分别受电煤采购入厂环节、电煤库存管理环节及电煤入炉掺烧环节影响[4]，国内外不少学者对燃煤电……