尤扬 赵明华 张晓云 王保全 郎冬梅 徐钧 齐玉杰 尚潜

摘 要：  為探讨香樟（Cinnamomum camphora）叶肉含晶细胞超微结构的季节变化，阐明香樟叶肉中草酸钙晶体在春夏秋冬的变化规律。该研究以多年生香樟（C. camphora）叶片为材料，分别于春夏秋冬四个季节露地取样，制作超薄切片，用透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察叶肉含晶细胞超微结构的变化。结果表明：春季时香樟叶肉中只有少数细胞有草酸钙晶体，数量较少，晶体结构多为柱状晶、方晶;夏季时香樟叶肉细胞中随机分布于液泡的草酸钙晶体明显比春季的数量多、体积大、形态丰富，晶体多为柱状晶、方晶、针晶、簇晶;秋季时香樟叶肉细胞草酸钙晶体和夏季的类似，数量较多，形态多样，以方晶和柱状晶针晶为主，伴有晶簇;冬季时香樟叶肉含晶细胞晶体形态为柱状晶、方晶、针晶，数量比夏季和秋季的数量略有减少。该研究结果表明在一年四季中香樟叶肉细胞液泡中均有草酸钙晶体结构存在。

关键词： 香樟， 含晶细胞， 草酸钙， 超微结构

中图分类号：  Q44.6

文献标识码：  A

文章编号：  1000-3142（2021）12-1974-07

收稿日期：  2020-06-13

基金项目：  河南省科技计划项目（162102110155）;新乡市科技创新发展专项（CXGG16029）;河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目（13A180307）;河南科技学院高层次人才科研启动项目;河南科技学院大学生创业实践计划项目（2019CY026） [Supported by Science and Technology Project of Henan Province（162102110155）; Special Project of Science and Technology Innovation and Development of Xinxiang （CXGG16029）;Key Project of Science and Technology Research of Henan Education Department （13A180307）; Launch Research Project for High-level Talents of Henan Institute of Science and Technology; Henan Institute of Science and Technology Student Entrepreneurship Practice Plan Project（2019CY026） ]。

作者简介： 尤扬（1973-），博士，副教授，硕士研究生导师，从事植物逆境生理及解剖结构等研究，（E-mail）youyang1028@126.com。

通信作者

Seasonal changes of crystal idioblasts in mesophyll of Cinnamomum camphora

YOU Yang1，2*， ZHAO Minghua3， ZHANG Xiaoyun1，2， WANG Baoquan1，2， LANG Dongmei1，2， XU Jun1，2， QI Yujie1， SHANG Qian1

（ 1. School of Horticulture Landscape Architecture， Henan Institute of Science and Technology， Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China; 2. Henan

Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Horticultural Plants Development and Utilization， Henan Institute of Science

and Technology， Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China; 3. Forestry Workstation of Xinxiang， Xinxiang 453000， Henan， China ）

Abstract：  In order to explore the seasonal changes of the ultrastructure of crystal idioblasts in mesophyll of  Cinnamomum camphora， and to elucidate the changing law of calcium oxalate crystals in spring， summer， autumn and winter， in this study with C. camphora as test materials， samples were taken from the open field in the four seasons and ultra-thin sections were made and the ultrastructural changes of mesophyll crystal idioblasts were observed with a transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The results were as follows： Only a few mesophyll cells had calcium oxalate crystals in spring and the number was relatively small， which were mainly in shape of columnar crystals and square crystals;  Calcium oxalate crystals randomly distributed in the vacuoles of mesophyll cells in summer were obviously more in number， bigger in volume， and richer in morphology than those in spring， and the crystals are mostly columnar crystals， square crystals， needle crystals and cluster crystals; The calcium oxalate crystals of the C. camphora mesophyll cells in autumn were similar to those in summer， with a large numbers of  and various forms， mainly square and columnar needle crystals， accompanied by crystal clusters; The crystal form of C. camphora mesophyll crystal idioblast in winter was columnar crystals， square crystals and needle crystals， and the number was slightly less than those in summer and autumn. The crystal structure of calcium oxalate existed in the vacuole of C. camphora mesophyll cells throughout the year.

Key words： Cinnamomum camphora， crystal idioblast， calcium oxalate， ultrastructure

在植物界超过215科的植物中发现有草酸钙晶体，依据其形状特点可将草酸钙晶体分为柱晶、簇晶、针晶、方晶、砂晶5种常见类型（Lersten & Horner，2006;严巧娣和苏培玺，2006）。……