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四川卧龙国家级自然保护区马先蒿属一新种——熊猫马先蒿

2021-01-07林红强程跃红刘荣尹民郁文彬

广西植物 2021年12期

林红强 程跃红 刘荣 尹民 郁文彬

摘 要:  熊貓马先蒿(Pedicularis pandania)是在四川卧龙国家级自然保护区发现的马先蒿属一新种。该新种属于互生叶类群,其基生叶成丛,花冠属于短管有喙型,且下唇将喙包裹住,花管在近萼端发生约180度的扭旋使得花冠下唇在侧上方,这一特征明显区别于其他国产马先蒿物种。分子系统发育分析结果表明,熊猫马先蒿是Clade 7 成员,虽然与火焰系、假欧氏系、喙齿系、拟蕨系和长喙系等成员构成姐妹关系,但熊猫马先蒿的花冠形态特征明显区别于近缘物种。

关键词: 马先蒿属, 列当科, 四川, 汶川, 卧龙

中图分类号:  Q949

文献标识码:  A

文章编号:  1000-3142(2021)12-1949-06

收稿日期:  2021-05-06

基金项目:  国家重点生态功能区转移支付禁止开发区补助项目(2021年);中国科学院重大科技基础设施开放研究项目(2017-LSF-GBOWS-02);云南省万人计划“青年拔尖人才”项目 [Supported by Subsidy Projects of Prohibited Developmental Areas from the Transfer Payment of the National Key Ecological Functional Areas (2021); the Large-scale Scientific Facilities of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2017-LSF-GBOWS-02); Ten Thousand Talents Program of Yunnan for Top-Notch Young Talents]。

作者简介: 林红强(1986-),工程师,主要从事野生动植物保护和自然教育等研究,(E-mail)390257287@qq.com。

通信作者:  程跃红,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事生态保护修复和自然教育等研究,(E-mail)cyh8155@163.com。

Pedicularis pandania (Orobanchaceae), a new species of

Pedicularis from the Wolong National Nature

Reserve, Sichuan Province, China

LIN Hongqiang1, CHENG Yuehong1*, LIU Rong2,3, YIN Min4, YU Wenbin2,5,6

( 1. Sichuan Wolong National Natural Reserve Administration Bureau, Wenchuan 623006, Sichuan, China; 2. Center for Integrative Conservation,

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; 3. University of Chinese Academy

of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4. Almond Temple Garden, Chongqing 400030, China; 5. Center of Conservation Biology,

Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; 6. Southeast Asia Biodiversity

Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China )

Abstract:  Pedicularis pandania (Orobanchaceae) was a new species discovered in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. This new species belongs to the alternative-leaved group that characterizing by having abundant basal leaves or only 1-3 cauline leaves, short-tubed and beaked corolla, and the lower lip completely enveloping the beaked galea. Due to the corolla tube was strongly twisted near the calyx, the corolla lower lip was completely upside down, which was distinguished from other Chinese species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that P. pandania fell into the Clade 7, as a sister to species in Ser. Flammeae, Ser. Pseudo-oederianae, Ser. Rhynchodontae,Ser.  Filiculae and Ser. Macrorhynchae. Morphologically, however, the new species is easily discriminated from them in the corolla form as mentioned above.

Key words: Pedicularis, Orobanchaceae, Sichuan, Wenchuang, Wolong

马先蒿属(Pedicularis L.)是列当科(Oroban-chaceae)植物中最大的一个属,约有600种,广泛分布于北温带,其中2/3以上的物种集中分布于中国西南山地至西喜马拉雅地区 (钟补求, 1963; Yang et al., 1998; 郁文彬和王红, 2020)。根据已有的志书记载,中国马先蒿属植物最为丰富的省份是云南省,其次是四川省和西藏自治区 (钟补求, 1963; Yang et al., 1998; 王红, 2006)。近年来,随着野外调查工作的不断深入,逐渐有一些马先蒿的新种被发现和报道,主要来自中国西南的喜马拉雅—横断山地区 (Yang et al., 2003; Yu et al., 2010; Liu & Yu, 2015; Yu et al., 2018; Li et al., 2019)。……

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