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工业遗存“变身”文化地标

2020-12-08魏董华

文化交流 2020年11期
关键词:变身当地政府山核桃

魏董华

沿著天目溪向上游进入武隆山脉,这里种植板栗和山核桃。在一处半山腰上,隐藏于一片田园风光中,是50年前留下的一座废弃工厂。

在浙江省西北部的杭州临安山区,泡温泉、吃山核桃、竹筏漂流等当地旅游行程单上,2020年10月又添一站:8300文化体验中心。

50年前建厂于此的国营8300厂,保留了当地现存规模最大的工业遗存,有69栋建筑,占地12万多平方米。20世纪80年代末,这座无线电工厂从山坳里搬进了城市,这些厂房便成了中国快速工业化进程中众多工业遗存之一。

如今,中国很多城市的政府增强了保护历史文化遗产的意识。这个由废弃无线电工厂改造而成的文化体验中心便是又一次新尝试。

军用收音机、老式电台、老照片这些具有时代印记的物品与山核桃、笋干、鸡血石这些当地特产共同陈列在老厂房内,唤起人们历史记忆的同时,又为当地带来可观的收入。

1990年初,当殷松卿坐着最后一辆拉满设备的货车驶离这座大山时,他未曾想到,这些被抛弃的工业时代的建造物日后能焕发新生,带给他巨大惊喜和温暖的回忆。

从17岁进厂工作,结婚生子,直到退休,这座工厂见证了殷松卿大半人生往事。

“8300文化体验中心”正式对外开放的第一天,已经68岁的殷松卿带着妻子回到这里,看着曾经工作过的厂房,在大山工厂里生活工作的记忆瞬间涌上心头。

“这些老建筑和当年一样,来到这里像回家。”殷松卿说,他曾是一名机械工,他工作过的车间如今成了科技馆。

殷松卿也是最早一批帮助完成遗迹改造项目的工厂老员工之一。当得知当地政府希望把工厂遗址变成一处乡村旅游景点后,他发动了近200名老职工,翻箱倒柜地找出老物件、老照片捐出来用于展示。

58岁的梁闻雁在互联网上买了几部已经在市场上被淘汰的华美牌电台,这个牌子是50年前8300厂生产的,他和他的父亲都曾在这里工作过。

这座工厂被视为一代人的生活记忆和情感载体。

1970年,梁闻雁跟随父母从400多公里外的浙江温州来到这镇郊的山谷里,在这里读书、生活,高中毕业后和自己父亲一样,进入工厂成为一名电台的装配工。

“50年前,来自五湖四海的创业者、建设者在武隆山下白手起家,艰苦创业,20年后我们搬离了大山,但我和父辈们的青春都留在了这里。”梁闻雁说。

这座重生的工厂,也给当地的旅游注入新的活力。

漫步在“8300文化体验中心”,一边是承载着沧桑岁月的水泥砖墙,一边是陈列着精巧工艺品的露天市集。网络主播在厂房的直播间里向网友直播卖山里的农产品。这是当地政府的创意,通过重新规划和保护性开发,还原旧时风貌,留存集体记忆,注入文创元素,拉动旅游。

“8300厂当年有一定知名度,利用它的工业遗迹,可以吸引更多的人来参观休闲,也让当地特色农产品得到更多销售机会。”殷松卿说。

在当地政府看来,工业遗迹改造是建筑景观设计与城市规划领域的一项颇富趣味又极具价值的工作。“我们这里展陈的内容包括62类临安农特产、8大类临安非遗作品和300多件原8300厂老物件。”遗址改造项目负责方国兴集团总经理毛光旭说。他希望,未来能把这里打造成当地最大规模的线下乡土产品展示中心、最大的公益直播平台和最大的直播培训基地。

看似毫无生命的废弃厂房,与老员工以及各方游客联系在了一起。这一切,正契合当地政府的理念:工业遗迹反映出一个地区从过去到现在的途径,也为走向未来提供范例。

Industrial Antique:Now a Cultural Landmark

By Wei Donghua Tan Jin

The factory has a mysterious name: the State-Run 8300 Factory. It was set up in 1970 in the Wulong Range, part of present-day Linan, a mountain district of Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang in eastern China. The factory made radio equipments.

The factory ceased to operate toward the late 1980s as its operation was moved back to the city, leaving behind 69 factory buildings. The factory site in the mountains is testimony to the fast industrialization in the past 40 years.

In October 2020, the factory makes its biggest comeback: it becomes a must-visit on local tourism itineraries. Its new name maintains some mysterious element at first glance: The Center for Cultural Experience of 8300.

Retired employees of the factory helped to make the factorys revival possible. Yin Songqing is one of the veteran employees of the factory that helped set up the center.

Yin Songqing left the factory in the early 1990, sitting in the last truck that carried the last batch of factory equipment. On that day, he didnt know he would come back and see the rebirth of the factory buildings. He started to work in the factory at 17. He got married and had children and retired. A big part of his life was associated with the factory. Yin and his wife revisited the industrial complex on the day the center was launched. The 68-year-old retiree witnessed how his memories of the past life at the factory became vividly alive again. “These buildings look unchanged. They are like home,” says Yin. The workshop where he worked as a mechanic is now a museum of science and technology.

Yins participation in the revival of the factory compound took place long before the site was restored. After learning that the local government intended to turn the factory buildings into a tourist attraction, Yin took action. He called nearly 200 colleagues of the factory to see if they had objects that could be donated to the new center. They donated generously.

The 58-year-old Liang Wenyan purchased a number of old-time radio sets, which were produced in the 8300 factory about 50 years ago. Liang and his father spent 20 years working for the factory. Quite a lot of employees of the factory were from other parts of the country.

The factory buildings now serve as a big exhibition center. On display are 62 lines of local produces, eight varieties of intangible cultural heritage products of Linan, and over 300 objects from the 8300 Factory. A part of the factory now serves as a space where e-commerce dealers live stream their products to consumers in the outside world.

The local government hopes that the factory buildings can become a large exhibition center, the largest live streaming platform and the biggest training center for cultivating broadcasters of live streaming projects.

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