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不同出菇温度下香菇各潮次菇产品的品质变化

2020-11-30张桂香杨建杰刘明军杨琴王英利

甘肃农业科技 2020年10期

张桂香 杨建杰 刘明军 杨琴 王英利

摘要:以L808为试验菌株,研究了5~15 ℃、10~20 ℃、15~25 ℃和10~30 ℃(自然常温)4个温度区间香菇第1潮、第2潮、第3潮菇产品的水分、蛋白质、可溶性总糖变化。结果表明:4个出菇温度区间,普遍以第1潮菇含水量较低,可溶性总糖含量较高,随出菇潮次的增加,香菇产品的含水量逐渐增加,最大增幅0.90%。可溶性总糖含量逐渐降低,较低出菇温度区间(5~15 ℃)的降幅较小,第2、第3潮菇分别较第1潮菇降低7.50%和20.00%;较高出菇温度区间(15~25 ℃)的第2、第3潮菇分别较第1潮菇降低35.00%和45.00%。以第2潮菇蛋白质含量最高,较第1潮菇增加7.42%~8.58%,平均增幅8.05%;较第3潮菇增加7.52%~23.79%,平均增幅12.79%。

关键词:香菇;温度;出菇潮次;产品品质

中图分类号:S646.1      文献标志码:A      文章编号:1001-1463(2020)10-0028-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2020.10.006

Abstract:L808, as the test stain, the product quality(include water, protein and soluble sugar content) change of Lentinus edodes at first, second and third tide under the influence of four temperature intervals(5~15 ℃, 10~20 ℃, 15~25 ℃ and natural room temperature) were studied in this work. The results showed that at every temperature intervals, water content of the first tide mushroom was generally low, but with a high soluble total sugar content. The water content increased with the fruiting tide with a maximum increase of 0.90%. The total soluble sugar content decreased gradually with the fruiting tide and the minimum drop appeared at the lower fruiting temperature interval of 5~15 ℃. Compared with the first tide mushroom, the total soluble sugar content decreased 7.50% and 20.00% for the second and third tidemushroom, respectively. The maximum drop appeared at the higher fruiting temperature interval of 15~25 ℃, and the total soluble sugar content decreased 35.00% and 45.00% for the second and third tide mushroom, respectively, compared with the first tide mushroom. The second tide mushroom shows highest protein content, which increased 7.42%~8.58%(average 8.05%) and 7.52%~23.79% (average 12.79%) compared with the first tide and third tide mushroom, respectively.

Key words:Lentinus edodes;Temperature;Fruiting tides;Product quality

香菇是世界上第二大食用菌,香菇不僅肉质脆嫩、味道鲜美独特,而且具有极高的营养价值和药用价值,深受国内外消费者的喜爱。我国已成为世界上最大的香菇生产与消费国,香菇在我国有“菇中皇后”、 “营养元素宝库”的美称,是宴席和家庭烹饪的上等原料[1 - 2 ]。我们以生产上广泛应用的L808为试验菌株,通过对5~15 ℃、10~20 ℃、15~25 ℃、10~30 ℃(自然常温)4个不同温度区间前3潮菇产品水分、蛋白质、可溶性总糖等主要营养物质的检测分析,研究不同温度条件下香菇各潮次菇间的品质变化,以期为香菇的高效栽培和品质的提升提供参考。

1   材料与方法

1.1   材料

供试香菇菌株为L808,引自上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所。菌种培养基配方为麦粒49.5%、锯末49.5%、石膏粉1.0%,含水量60%。栽培料配方为梨树枝木屑81%、麸皮18%、石膏1%,含水量60%。……

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