高境 杨茗琪

摘要 选取大理市下关地区的7个山地居住区作为研究对象，通过SWMM构建雨洪控制模型及模拟雨水径流，对各类子汇水区径流量、下渗量、径流系数，山地居住区影响因素进行分析。结果表明：在山地居住区建设中，提高绿地率可大幅减少地表径流，将地形坡度控制在10.51%以下，设置阶梯式的接地形式，实现层级式雨水径流处理，能有效缓解径流流速和集中径流量;在集雨型设施构建中，下沉式绿地和生物滞留设施的控制指标相对稳定，绿色屋顶因居住区建筑类型的不同差异较大。

关键词 海绵城市;集雨型绿地;山地居住区;SWMM模型;大理市

中图分类号 TU984  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）19-0227-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.19.059

Abstract In this study， seven mountainous residential areas in Xiaguan area of Dali City were selected as research objects to construct rainwater control model and  simulate rainwater runoff by using SWMM. Runoff， infiltration， runoff coefficient， and influencing factors of mountainous residential areas in various subcatchments were analyzed. The results showed that in the construction of residential areas， the surfaces outflow could be greatly reduced and by increasing the greenspace rate. In mountainous residential areas， when the ground slope was controlled below 10.51%. Setting a stepped grounding form was a treatment of dealing with the layered rainwater outflow， which could effectively alleviate the runningoff velocity and concentrated runoff. In the construction of the raincollecting facilities， the control indicators of sunken green spaces and biological detention facilities were relatively stable， and the green roofs varied greatly due to the different types of buildings in the residential areas.

Key words Sponge city;Raincollecting green space;Mountainous residential areas;SWMM model;Dali City

基金項目 云南省科技计划项目（2017FD105）。

作者简介 高境（1993—），男，云南宣威人，城乡规划师，硕士，从事城市绿地系统规划研究。*通信作者，讲师，硕士，从事城市绿地系统规划研究。

收稿日期 2020-03-17;修回日期 2020-04-15

城市化问题引发的洪涝灾害、城市雨洪已成为亟需解决的问题。基于我国海绵城市理念以及城市雨洪现状开展集雨型绿地的研究和建设，是提升人居环境的重要措施，对于解决我国综合城市雨洪问题具有重要意义[1-4]。

集雨型绿地建设的研究主要集中在北京、迁安等平原地区[5]，诸多学者[6-9]提出了居住区雨洪设施的研究，主要包括雨水花园的设计方法、植物配置等，绿色屋顶、下凹式绿地、透水铺装等设施的单体设计和组合模式。未涉及山地城市集雨型绿地的研究以及居住区集雨型绿地的定量分析。……