基于统计抽样的在用电能表计量特性研究
2020-10-29林勇赵斯衎张杰梁
林勇 赵斯衎 张杰梁



摘 要:目前,福建省在用电能表合格率较高,计量性能稳定可靠,到期电能表依然能继续使用并保证计量准确。本文采用统计抽样方法对福建省运行7 a以上的电能表进行抽检,开展拆回电能表全量限检定,通过多种试验手段来验证处于轮换周期的电能表的计量特性,分析其合格率。试验数据可为福建省处于轮换周期的电能表是否继续使用提供数据支撑。
关键词:统计抽样;电能表;计量特性;检定
中图分类号:TM933.4文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2020)26-0131-03
Abstract: At present, the qualified rate of in-use electric energy meters in Fujian Province is relatively high, and the measurement performance is stable and reliable, the expired electric energy meters can still be used and ensure accurate measurement. In this paper, statistical sampling methods were used to conduct random inspections on electric energy meters that had been in operation for more than 7 years in Fujian Province and carry out the full limit verification of dismantled electric energy meters, and a variety of test methods were used to verify the measurement characteristics of electric energy meters in the rotation cycle and analyze the pass rate. The test data can provide data support for whether the electric energy meters in the rotation cycle in Fujian Province will continue to be used.
Keywords: statistical sampling;electric energy meter;measurement characteristics;verification
截至2019年12月,福建省居民用電户达1 635万,运行满6 a的在用电能表共计468万只,运行满7 a的在用电能表共计277万只,超期运行表约有22万只。依据《电子式交流电能表检定规程》(JJG 596—2012)对电能表使用年限的规定,1级、2级有功电能表的检定周期一般不超过8 a。随着生产制造水平的提升,电能表使用寿命显著提高,普遍保持在10~15 a,8 a的轮换周期使得大量质量性能完好的电能表提前报废,若不加区别地实施更换,将造成人力、物力等资源的严重浪费[1-2]。
目前,发达国家普遍采用抽样检测的方式对在用电能表进行状态管理,延长电能表的使用年限[3-5]。针对电能表监管模式研究,我国各地开展了多项工作。例如,2016年,上海市质量技术监督局发布了《电子式交流电能表使用中检定规程》(JJG(沪)56—2016),首次提出了电能表批的极限质量水平的抽样判定方法,该方法可以延长电能表的使用年限。这一基于抽样检测的电能表轮换策略有助于节能降耗,优化社会资源配置。……
