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揭秘so... that.../unless/as soon as 引导的状语从句

2020-10-26曹传绪

考试与评价·八年级版 2020年4期
关键词:否定句逗号主句

曹传绪

状语从句在复合句中修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句一般由从属连词引导。当状语从句位于句首或句中时,通常用逗号将其与主句隔开。当状语从句位于句尾时,可以不用逗号隔开。状语从句分类如下:

[类型 引导词 时间状语从句 when, before, after, as, while, as soon as, since, not... until..., whenever等 原因状语从句 because, as, since等 条件状语从句 if, unless等 比较状语从句 as / so... as..., than等 结果状语从句 so / such... that...等 目的状语从句 in order that, so that等 让步状语从句 although / though, even though / if等 ]

这里着重介绍以下三种状语从句用法及涉及到的考点:

一、unless引导的条件状语从句

unless意为“如果不;除非”,相当于if... not。

We

=We

注意:unless和if引导条件状语从句时,从句常用一般现在时表示将来,而主句则用一般将来时,即遵循“主将从现”原则。

二、as soon as引导的时间状语从句

as soon as意为“一……就……”,表示从句和主句的动作先后发生,间隔短暂。

The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老师一进来,学生们就安静下来了。

注意:as soon as可表示将来的事,这时主句用一般将来时,从句常用一般现在时,即遵循“主将从现”原则。

You

三、so... that...引导的结果状语从句

so... that...意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。常见于以下四种结构:

(1) so+形容词/副词+that从句。

He ran so fast that we couldn

(2) so+形容词+a / an+单数名词+that从句。

It is so interesting a book that I want to read it again. 这本书如此有趣,我还想再读一遍。

(3) so+many / few+复数名词+that从句。

He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少,所以他经常感到孤独。

(4) so+much / little+不可数名词+that从句。

There was so much work to do that everybody got bored. 有这么多的事要做,人人都感到厌烦了。

注意:such... that...意为“如此……以至于……”,也可以引导结果状语从句,但such修饰的是名词。

They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他们都是很好的学生,所以老师喜欢他们。

四、so... that... / unless / as soon as句型改写考点

(1) so... that...

so... that...引导结果状语从句,当that后面接否定句时,可以与“too... to... (太……而不能……)”结构互换。

He was so angry that he couldn

=He was too angry to say a word.

拓展:在so... that...句型中,当主句的主语与that引导的从句的主语一致时,“ so... that+肯定句”句型可与“enough to...”句型互換;“ so... that+否定句”句型可与“too... to...”句型互换。

He was so clever that he could understand what I said. 他很聪明,能听懂我说的话。

=He was clever enough to understand what I said.

The girl is so young that she can

=The girl is too young to dress herself.

(2) unless

unless意为“如果不……;除非”,引导条件状语从句,相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式,即unless=if... not。

Unless you put on your raincoat you

=If you don

(3) as soon as

as soon as意为“一……就……”,其中的从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。可以用于口语和书面语中。它在句中的位置比较灵活,而且可以用于各种时态。

I

As soon as I went in, Tom cried out with pleasure. 我一进去,汤姆就高兴地叫了起来。(一般过去时)

as soon as可以用the minute 来改写。

As soon as I went in, Tom cried out with pleasure.

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