覃绍媛　李泽琴　许模

摘 要：以黑龙潭泉域为研究对象，在泉域采取水样测试分析其水化学特征和氢氧同位素特征，通过Piper三线图、Gibbs图、线性回归分析、因子主成分分析及高程反演方法，探讨了黑龙潭泉域水化学组成特征和影响因素，以及各泉群的补给来源，结果表明：研究区地下水化学组分以Ca2+、HCO-3、SO2-4为主，水化学类型为HCO3-Ca型，水化学组分主要受碳酸盐岩溶滤作用和岩石风化作用影响;水样点基本落在降水线右下方，研究区以大气降水补给为主，水样的补给高程为3 715～4 154 m;水样均接受九子海地区降水补给，但清溪泉群还接受玉龙雪山地区冰雪融水的补给，清溪泉群地下水子系统属于“多源同汇”，其他泉群属于“单源单汇”。

关键词：黑龙潭泉域;水化学特征;氢氧同位素;补给高程

中图分类号：P641.3   文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2020.03.012

Groundwater Chemical Characteristics and Recharge Source Identification of Heilongtan Spring Area

QIN Shaoyuan， LI Zeqin， XU Mo

（State Key Laboratory of Geological Disaster Prevention and Geological Environmental Protection，

Chengdu University of Technology， Chengdu 610059， China）

Abstract：In this paper， the Heilongtan Spring area was taken as a research object， the water samples of springs in the spring area were taken and the conventional water chemical indexes and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes were tested and analyzed. Through the Piper three-line diagram， Gibbs diagram and linear regression analysis， factor principal component analysis and elevation inversion method， the characteristics and influencing factors of the water chemistry in the Heilongtan Spring area， as well as the sources of recharge of each spring were discussed. The results show that the groundwater in the study area is dominated by Ca2+， HCO3- and SO2-4， the water chemical type is HCO3-Ca. The water chemical components are mainly affected by carbonate karst filtration and rock weathering; the water sample point basically falls to the lower right of the precipitation line， indicating that precipitation is the main recharge in the area and the recharge elevation of springs is 3 715-4 154 m; the Qingxi Spring has obvious hydraulic connection with other springs， both of them accept recharge of precipitation of the Jiuzihai area， but it also receives the recharge of snow melt of the Yulong Mountain， indicating that the Qingxi Spring groundwater subsystem belongs to “multi-source sink” and other springs belong to “single source and single sink”.

Key words： Heilongtan Spring area; Hydrochemistry; hydrogen and oxygen isotopes; supply elevation

地下水作為水资源的重要组成部分，在保障我国人民生活用水、社会经济发展和维持生态平衡等方面具有重要作用和意义[1]。地下水具有信息载体的功能，水化学组分和氢氧同位素为地下水的天然标记，携带并记录着地下水自补给、径流至排泄过程的信息，是判别地下水补给来源的重要方法，已被广泛应用于水文水资源领域[2]。通过分析地下水水化学组分和氢氧同位素组成特征可以判别大气降水、岩石风化、蒸发作用和人类活动等之间的联系，以及地下水的补给来源，对合理开发利用地下水资源具有积极的指导作用。

云南省丽江市黑龙潭泉域内有三大泉群，分别为清溪泉群、黑龙潭泉群和古城区泉群，其中古城区泉群包括白马龙潭、甘泽泉和三眼井。……