荆爱花

[摘要] 目的 探究高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷患者的护理干预方法及效果。方法  选取2018年7月—2019年7月间该院收治的64例高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷患者作为研究对象，按照随机数表分为对照组和观察组，各32例。对照组常规护理，观察组在对照组基础上应用针对性护理干预。结果  治疗前两组患者的血糖、尿素氮、血浆渗透压对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗7 d后，观察组的血糖、尿素氮、血浆渗透压低于治疗前以及治疗后的对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者的苏醒情况更为理想，7 d内苏醒率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组护理满意率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论  在高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷患者的治疗期间行针对性护理，及时纠正患者的脱水状态，控制患者的血糖稳定，做好抗感染护理有助于患者的早日苏醒，提升患者家属的护理满意度，具有较高的临床应用价值。

[关键词] 高渗性非酮症糖尿病;护理干预;纠正脱水;控制血糖

[中图分类号] R473          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2020）07（b）-0167-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the nursing intervention methods and effects of hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma patients. Methods A total of 64 hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma patients admitted to the hospital from July 2018 to July 2019 were selected as the research object. They were divided into a control group and an observation group according to a random number table， 32 cases each. The control group received routine nursing， and the observation group applied targeted nursing intervention based on the control group. Results There was no significant difference in blood glucose， urea nitrogen and plasma osmotic pressure between the two groups before treatment （P>0.05）; after 7 days of treatment， the blood glucose， urea nitrogen and plasma osmotic pressure of the observation group were lower than those before and after treatment， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The recovery of patients in the observation group was more ideal. The recovery rate within 7 days was higher than that of the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The nursing satisfaction rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion During the treatment of hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma patients， targeted care will be taken to correct the dehydration status of the patients， control the patients 'blood sugar stability， and anti-infective care will help the patients to wake up early and improve the satisfaction of the patients' family members， with high clinical application value.

[Key words] Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetes; Nursing intervention; Correct dehydration; Control blood glucose

高滲性非酮症糖尿病是临床中极为严重的危急重症，也被称为高渗性昏迷，多发生于老年群体的非糖尿病患者或2型糖尿病程度较轻的患者[1]。患者的发病通常与颅脑受损、肿瘤等神经外科疾病相关，患者在发病后的症状包括烦躁、幻觉、嗜睡、定向障碍、偏瘫等直至发展为昏迷[2]。临床治疗这类患者，主要以补液、降糖、纠正水电解质紊乱和酸中毒为主，尚无特效疗法。因此该类患者的病情危急，病死率处于较高水平，临床护理质量格外重要。高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷患者的有效护理可提高患者存活率，改善患者的生活质量。该次研究于2018年7月—2019年7月选取该院近年来收治的64例高渗性非酮症糖尿病患者作为研究对象，采用专业化针对性的护理对策干预，取得了一定效果，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料

经伦理委员会批准，选取该院收治的64例高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷患者作为研究对象，按照随机数表分为对照组和观察组，各32例。纳入……