禤文婷 陈丽霞 黎美金

摘要：目的  探讨半乳糖凝集素-2（Galectin-2）在妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者中的表达情况，分析其与胰岛素抵抗的关系及临床意义。方法  选择2018年1月～2019年12月在我院定期产检和住院分娩的GDM患者50例作为观察组，另选取我院同期健康孕妇35例作为对照组，比较两组血清和胎盘组织中Galectin-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平，并分析Galectin-1表达与胰岛素抵抗的关系。结果  GDM组血清中Galectin-2 mRNA相对表达量为（0.621±0.105），高于对照组的（0.152±0.089），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。GDM組胎盘组织中Galectin-2蛋白表达阳性率为90.00%，中表达占40.00%，高表达占30.00%，高于对照组的77.14%、20.00%、14.29%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示，Galectin-2的表达水平与胰岛素抵抗指数呈正相关（r=0.605，P=0.043）。结论  Galectin-2在妊娠期糖尿病患者血清和胎盘组织中的表达增高，且与胰岛素抵抗密切相关，提示其可能参与妊娠期糖尿病的病理过程。

关键词：Galectin-2;妊娠期糖尿病;胰岛素抵抗

Abstract：Objective  To investigate the expression of Galectin-2 （Galectin-2） in patients with gestational diabetes （GDM）， and to analyze its relationship with insulin resistance and its clinical significance.Methods  50 patients with GDM who received regular check-ups and hospitalized deliveries in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the observation group， and 35 healthy pregnant women during the same period in our hospital were selected as the control group，the expression levels of Galectin-2 mRNA and protein in serum and placental tissues of the two groups were compared， and the relationship between Galectin-1 expression and insulin resistance was analyzed.Results  The relative expression of Galectin-2 mRNA in the serum of the GDM group was （0.621±0.105）， which was higher than that of the control group （0.152±0.089），the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The positive rate of Galectin-2 protein expression in placenta tissue of GDM group was 90.00%， medium expression accounted for 40.00%， high expression accounted for 30.00%， which was higher than 77.14%， 20.00%， 14.29% of control group，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression level of Galectin-2 was positively correlated with insulin resistance index （r=0.605，P=0.043）.Conclusion  The expression of Galectin-2 in serum and placenta tissues of patients with gestational diabetes was increased， and it was closely related to insulin resistance， suggesting that it may be involved in the pathological process of gestational diabetes.

Key words：Galectin-2;Gestational diabetes;Insulin resistance

妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）是指既往无糖尿病的孕妇在妊娠期间首次发生的糖代谢异常。GDM严重危害母婴健康，不仅可导致巨大儿、胎儿窘迫、产后出血等多种不良妊娠结局的发生，并显著增加孕妇及其子代罹患肥胖、糖尿病等代谢性疾病的风险[1]。GDM发病机制尚未阐明，目前普遍认为胰岛素分泌缺陷和胰岛素抵抗是其发病的重要环节和特征。Galectin-2属于半乳糖凝集素（Galectins）家族成员，可通过糖识别结构域与β-半乳糖苷残基结合，参与细胞生长、分化和免疫反应等生物学过程。近年研究发现Galectins与糖尿病、高脂血症等代谢性疾病密切相关。Galectin-2在GDM患者中的表达及其作用的研究报道较少。基于此，本研究旨在探究Galectin-2在GDM患者血清和胎盘组织中的表达情况及临床意义，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料  选择2018年1月～2019年12月在南方医科大学附属东莞人民医院产检并住院分娩的GDM患者50例作为观察组，年龄23～39岁，平均年龄（28.89±2.91）岁;分娩孕周34～39周，平均分娩孕周（37.13±3.01）周;体重指数（BMI）19～26 kg/m2，平均BMI（22.51±1.52）kg/m2;初产妇22例，经产妇28例。……