孙啸 李双琴 谢锐 连江桥 郝靖仕

摘  要： 针对传统油气管道数据监测方法检测准确度低的问题，设计基于大数据管理架构的油气管道数据监测分析模型。首先构建模型的整体架构，通过大数据支持收集和整理管道数据，对其进行预处理，确定关联排列行数和列数;引入布里渊传感技术，基于分布式光纤传感器和传感数据，通过光纤取代传统数百个传感点构成的数据生成回馈传感序列;通过计算模板和光纤反馈情况，生成距离数据，依靠散射点射谱关系距离，确定当前油气管道各处距离值，通过比对即可确定当前管道是否有弯曲情况，实现管道数据的监测。实验数据证明，基于大数据管理构架的油气管道监测分析模型在管道弯曲监测实验中，监测准确度更高，具有明显的监测优势。

关键词： 大数据管理架构; 油气管道; 数据管理; 收集整理; 监测数据; 監测效果对比

中图分类号： TN911.1?34                       文献标识码： A                          文章编号： 1004?373X（2020）17?0102?04

Abstract： In view of the low detection accuracy of traditional oil and gas pipeline data monitoring methods， the oil and gas pipeline data monitoring and analysis model based on big data management architecture is designed. In the design， the overall architecture of the model is built first， and then the big data is used to support the collecting and sorting out of the pipeline data， and the pipeline data are preprocessed to determine the number of lines and columns of the associated permutations. Brillouin sensing technology based on distributed fiber optic sensor and sensor data is introduced to replace the data composed of hundreds of traditional sensing points by optical fiber to generate feedback sensing sequence. The distance data is generated by calculating the template and the optical fiber feedback. The distance value of each place of the current oil and gas pipeline can be determined by the distance of scattering point spectral relation. By comparison of the two， whether the current pipeline is bent can be determined， so as to realize the monitoring of pipeline data. The experimental data proves that the oil and gas pipeline monitoring and analysis model based on the big data management framework has higher monitoring accuracy and obvious monitoring advantages in the pipeline bending monitoring experiments.

Keywords： big data management framework; oil and gas pipeline; data management; collecting and sorting out; monitoring data; contrast of monitoring effect

0  引  言

我国是现代管道运输大国，其中油气管道是国家能源供给的核心动脉，直接关乎我国的国计民生，对社会发展具有重要作用[1]。随着我国输油管道数量的不断增加，管道安全保护方面的问题趋于严重，有关国家部门开始高度重视汽油管道的运行安全[2?3]，随时保障油气管道安全运行，对我国管道输送具有重要的意义。通过对国内外油气管道线危险事故的总结分析发现，管道弯曲变形引起的管道安全问题最为严重[4]。一般情况下，因为地域原因，无法直接应用图像监管管道的弯曲程度，大多采用数据监测的形式。……