李风雷 余德望

摘      要：通过对直井和斜井球座及胶塞等固井附件钻除情况的统计对比，确定井斜是钻除球座及胶塞的主要影响因素，并对几口水平井在钻除固井附件时采用的钻具组合、排量、扭矩、转速、钻压、钻时等钻除数据进行了逐一详细对比分析，结合具体钻除参数的变化及钻除效果，总结出在水平井合金套管内钻除球座及胶塞时推荐的最佳钻除方法，即采用合理的钻除钻头、钻具组合，适当加大钻压、活动钻具以及调整钻除参数，并且提出适合在水平井合金套管内球座及胶塞的最佳有效钻除参数（钻压14～16 t，转数40～60 r·min-1，排量1.0～1.3 m3·min-1，扭矩3～7 kft·lbs）。该方法主要体现在钻头、钻具组合、钻除参数、固井工艺等方面。并通过对后期2口具体井的具体钻除情况进行分析讨论，再次验证了该方法的可行性和适用性;同时既缩短了水平井的钻井周期，节省了钻井成本，又减小了钻穿套管的作业风险，且钻除的效果良好，值得进一步推广。

关  键  词：球座;胶塞;钻除方法;钻压;尾管固井

中图分类号：TE 256       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）08-1758-05

Abstract： The situation of drilling out landing collar and liner wiper plug in vertical and inclined wells was introduced， and the drilling-out data of several horizontal wells were compared and analyzed. Combined with the change of specific drilling-out parameters and the drilling-out effect， the best drilling-out method for landing collar and liner wiper plug in the alloy casing of horizontal wells was put forward， including using a reasonable combination of drilling bits and tools， and appropriately increasing the weight on bit， movable drilling tools and adjusting drilling parameters. The best drilling-out parameters were determined （bit weight 14～16 t， rotating speed 40～60 r·min-1， discharge capacity 1.0～1.3 m3·min-1， torque 3～7 kft·lbs）. Through analyzing drilling-out situation of the two horizontal wells， the results approved that the method was available and feasible. Using the method can decrease the drilling cost and avoid the work risk of the horizontal well， and it has good drilling-out effect.

Key words： Landing collar; Liner wiper plug; Drilling-out; Drilling load; Liner cementing

水平井中附件钻除问题一直是钻井比较关注的环节，且目前固井附件钻除的相关技术探讨比较少[1]。水平井井眼轨迹一般由直井段、造斜井段和水平井段构成，8 1/2"钻头钻至设计井深，7"套管下至造斜点附近，留有900多米口袋，待7"尾管固井结束后再扫塞并进行钻除附件（主要为球座、水泥塞、浮箍和浮鞋），然后直接下入4 1/2"筛管进行完井作业。水平井的井深一……