郝倩

[摘要] 目的 分析PICC使用中的臨床护理与相关并发症的分析。方法 研究对象随机选择该院2018年1—12月期间内的接受治疗并首次行PICC置管术的90例患者，患者疾病类型包括肺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌等。将患者按照数字随机法划分为观察组和对照组，每组45例。对照组接受置管传统护理方法，观察组在传统护理方法的基础上接受改良护理，并且分析PICC置管后并发症的发生情况和置管疗效，探究护理方法的选择方式。结果 在并发症方面，观察组的并发症发生率为4.4%，而对照组的并发症发生率达到了20.0%，在各项并发症类型方面观察组要明显少于对照组（χ2=5.540，P<0.05）;在置管效果方面，观察组的整体置管有效率达到了95.6%，而对照组的置管有效率为82.2%，数据结果差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.338，P<0.05）。 结论 PICC导管为肿瘤患者的治疗提供了更有效的通道，而通过置管后的优化护理可以保障患者良好的依从性并提升PICC导管的使用价值，改善置管效果并减少并发症的产生，达到预期使用目的。

[关键词] PICC;临床维护;护理方法研究

[中图分类号] R47          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-0742（2020）06（a）-0145-03

Analysis of the Effect of PICC Nursing and Its Related Complications in Oncology Patients

HAO Qian

Department of Oncology， Dongda Hospital， Shanxian， Shandong Province， 274300 China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical nursing and related complications in the use of PICC. Methods The study subjects random  selected 90 patients who received treatment in the hospital from January to December 2018 and performed PICC catheterization for the first time. The patient's disease types included lung cancer， gastric cancer， and breast cancer. The patients were divided into observation group and control group according to the digital random method， with 45 cases in each group. The control group received the traditional nursing method of tube placement， the observation group received improved nursing based on the traditional nursing method， and analyzed the occurrence of complications and catheterization effect after PICC tube placement， and explored the choice of nursing method. Results In terms of complications， the incidence of complications in the observation group was 4.4%， while the incidence of complications in the control group reached 20.0%， and the observation group was significantly less than the control group in terms of various types of complications（χ2=5.540， P<0.05）. In terms of the effect of tube placement， the overall tube placement efficiency in the observation group reached 95.6%， while the effective tube placement rate in the control group was 82.2%， the difference is statistically significant（χ2=5.338， P<0.05）. Conclusion PICC catheter provides a more effective channel for the treatment of tumor patients. Optimized care after catheterization can ensure good compliance and increase the value of PICC catheter， improve the effect of catheterization and reduce the occurrence of complications， to achieve the intended use.

[Key words] PICC; Clinical maintenance; Nursing method research

PICC即经外周静脉置入的中心静脉导管，在现阶段的肿瘤治疗过程中逐渐成为主流方式，具有便捷、安全、成功率有所保障的特征。另外，置管患者不受年龄、疾病种类的限制，可以保持长期稳定的输液，在临床中得到了广泛应用。在后续的护理实践过程中，需要加强PICC置管的信息渠道和宣传教育，帮助患者展开决策和维护规划。为了进一步改善患者的预后和恢复，也应该注重对于类似患者的护理工作与导管维护，尽量避免并发症的出现，不仅保障患者的生命安全，还可以有效提升护理质量，这也是该次研究所开展的主要原因。随机选择该院2018年1—12月期间内的接受治疗并首次行PICC置管术的90例患者展开分析，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料