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不同处理时长对棉隆土壤处理防治芹菜根腐病防治效果的研究

2020-09-02石娟娟禄冈强陈爱昌王文慧莫娟孙兴明

现代农业研究 2020年7期

石娟娟 禄冈强 陈爱昌 王文慧 莫娟 孙兴明

【摘   要】 本次试验针对棉隆30kg/亩土壤处理方法,设置了两个处理时长,旨在研究通过棉隆相同浓度条件下土壤处理不同处理时长对芹菜根腐病的防治效果。结果表明:经过124天覆膜土壤处理的芹菜地生长82天后,芹菜死亡率为8.9%,产量为6954.5kg/亩;经过10天覆膜处理的芹菜地经过相同生长期后芹菜的死亡率为18.1%,产量为6219.4kg/亩;对照经过相同生长期后的死亡率为54.5%,产量为2927.7kg/亩。因此,说明棉隆覆膜对芹菜根腐病的防治效果与土壤处理时间长短存在直接关系。系统性研究棉隆土壤处理对芹菜根腐病的防治效果对防治芹菜病害的可持续控制具有重要的意义。

【关键词】 芹菜根腐病;棉隆;覆膜;不同时长

中图分类号:S313               文献识别码:A               文章编号:2096-1073(2020)07-0048-49

Study on the Effect of Different Treatment Duration on the Prevention and Treatment of Celery Root Rot in the Soil of Mianlong

SHI Juanjuan, LU Gangqiang, CHEN Aichang *, WANG Wenhui, MO Juan, SUN Xingming

(Dingxi Plant Protection Inspection Station of Gansu   Dingxi, Gansu   743000)

[Abstract]  In this experiment, two treatment durums were set for the soil treatment method of 30kg/ mu of Cottonwood, in order to study the prevention and treatment effect of different treatment durums on the root rot of celery under the condition of the same concentration of Cottonwood. The results showed that after 82 days of growth, the mortality rate of celery was 8.9% and the yield was 6954.5kg/ mu. The mortality rate of celery was 18.1% and the yield was 6219.4kg/ mu after 10 days of film-covering treatment. After the same growth period, the mortality rate was 54.5% and the yield was 2927.7kg/ mu. Therefore, there is a direct relationship between the prevention and treatment of celery root rot and soil treatment time. Systematic study on the effect of soil treatment on the control of celery root rot is of great significance for the sustainable control of celery disease.

[Key words] root rot of celery; cottonseed; film mulching; different duration

1  試验目的

芹菜根腐病病原菌种类较多,目前已报道的病原菌主要为腐霉菌 (Pythium sp.)和核盘菌 (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)[1-2],主要发生在芹菜的根部和茎基部,初期侵染点产生水浸状红褐色水浸状斑点,后期病斑凹陷、腐烂,变为褐色,主根腐烂、坏死,侧根稀少[3]。芹菜耐低温弱光[4],是定西市安定区高原夏菜的主要品种,但是长期的连作重茬,导致连作引起的芹菜根腐病大面积发生,一般田块发病率10%~30%,严重地块高达90%以上,甚至部分地块绝收,成为危害该产业发展的主要问题,严重影响了芹菜的产量及质量[5,6]。2016年试验筛选出防治芹菜根腐病最佳方法为棉隆30kg/亩土壤处理,在此基础上,为了更好防治芹菜根腐病,本试针对验棉隆30kg/亩土壤处理选用两个不同时长处理来防治芹菜根腐病,旨在筛选出高效防治时长。……

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