尼莱什·克里帕拉尼

Cloud computing and cloud storage have generated significant interest and curiosity around the world. Every company needs cloud services in cloud computing and storage to maintain their business operations. In the past， owing to regulatory mandates banks and financial institutions werent allowed to move customer data to cloud. However， they are increasingly moving non-customer data such as data from enterprise applications to cloud. The global cloud services market is expected to reach USD 555 billion by 2020.

Some of the key cloud services trends to watch out in the year ahead

Serverless Computing： Serverless computing is not new to enterprises， it has been around since 2014 with the introduction of AWS Lambda1 cloud computing platform.

Gartner2 predicts that more than 20 percent of global enterprises will have adopted serverless computing technologies by 2020， a sharp increase from the 5 percent in 2018. The biggest advantage of serverless is that it enables developers to focus on their core product instead of worrying about managing and operating servers， either in the cloud or on-premise3.

Interoperability： This allows customers to move applications and data between on-premises and cloud systems， and between cloud services offered by different providers with little to no impact on systems and processes. Due to interoperability， different cloud services providers can understand each others APIs， configuration， data formats and forms of authentication and authorization.

Edge Computing： The development of enterprise critical applications involving new-age technologies such as Internet of Things （IoT）， Artificial Intelligence （AI）， and Machine Learning （ML）， consumes larger data sets. This has promoted the demand for localized computer， data storage， and network resources. Edge computing is expected to grow at a tremendous rate in the coming years. The edge computing market was valued at USD 1273 million in 2018， and is expected to reach USD 6960 million by 2024， at a CAGR4 of 34%.

Omni-cloud5： We are headed into a multi-cloud world as enterprises are routinely deploying workloads across multiple Infrastructure-as-a-Service providers. However， as applications are becoming more portable， compute cycles need to be quicker in real-time. The year 2020 will witness enterprises moving from Multi-cloud to Omni-cloud channel to reap the benefits of real-time data availability for effective decision making， security， ease of use and scalability.

Kubernetes： In todays IT world， containers have become very popular since it assists developers to manage and move software code. Businesses are increasingly upgrading containers to enable portability between cloud services from AWS， Microsoft Azure， and Google Cloud6， as they ensure DevOps strategies for faster software production. Kubernetes is a popular open-source platform for the orchestration of containers—that is， management of the applications that are built out of multiple， large， and self-contained runtimes.

Mobile Cloud Computing7： The mobile cloud market was valued at USD 24.51 billion in 2018， and is expected to reach USD 94.75 billion by the end of 2024， at CAGR of 25.28%. The substantial growth in smartphones and other portable devices has created an upsurge in the mobile cloud computing market. The mobile cloud offers access to cloud-based applications and services directly to portable devices. This creates an ease of accessing applications or services stored with desired data on any device.

云计算和云存储引起了全世界极大的关注与好奇。每家公司的业务都需要云计算和云存储这类云服务来维持运营。过去，限于监管要求，银行和金融机构不可将客户数据传输至云端。但是，现在它们更多地将非客户数据（如企业应用程序中的数据）传输到云上。到2020年，全球云服务市场规模有望达到5550亿美元。

来年需留意的云服务几大趋势

无服务器计算：对企业来说，无服务器计算并不新鲜。2014年，随着AWS Lambda云计算平台的出现，它便应运而生。

高德纳咨询公司预测，到2020年，全球有超过20%的企业将采用无服务器计算技术，与2018年的5%相比有大幅增长。无服务器的最大优势在于，它能使开发人员专注于其核心產品，无须烦心于管理和操作服务器，无论服务器是处于云端还是在本地。

互操作性：互操作性可让客户在本地系统和云系统之间以及不同提供商所提供的云服务之间传输应用程序和数据，也不会对系统和流程造成多少影响。借助互操作性，不同的云服务提供商可以了解彼此的应用程序接口、配置、数据格式以及身份验证和授权的方式。

边缘计算：开发涉及物联网、人工智能和机器学习等新型技术的企业关键应用程序会耗费更大的数据集。这也促进了对本地化计算机、数据存储和网络资源的需求。在未来几年里，边缘计算将会以惊人的速度增长。2018年，边缘计算市场规模为12.73亿美元，预计到2024年将达到69.6亿美元，年复合平均增长率为34%。

全云：企业在多个“基础设施即服务”提供商之间例行部署工作负载，我们便由此步入了多云世界。然而，随着应用程序便携化程度的提高，实时的计算周期也必须缩短。2020年，企业将从多云通道转向全云通道，从实时数据在有效决策、安全、易用和可伸缩性方面的效用中获益。

Kubernetes：在今天的信息技术世界里，容器已经十分普及，它可以帮助开发人员管理、传输软件代码。企业不断升级容器，以实现亚马逊云、微软云和谷歌云之间云服务的可移植性，容器则能够保障DevOps软件快速开发战略的实施。Kubernetes是一个常用的开源平台，用来编排调度容器，亦即管理多个大型独立运行时所构建的应用程序。

移动云计算：2018年移动云市场估值为245.1亿美元，到2024年年底有望达到947.5亿美元，年复合平均增长率为25.28%。智能手机和其他便携式设备的大幅增长，带来移动云计算市场的迅猛发展。有了移动云，就可在便携式设备上访问基于云的应用程序及服务。这样，在任何设备上访问存储所需数据的应用程序或服务就会变得十分便利。

（译者为“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛获奖者;单位：青岛科技大学外国语学院）