敖黎鑫

摘 要：为解决某含油污水站高浓度氨氮废水达标排放问题，本文采用折点加氯法和投加氨氮去除剂两种方法进行试验对比。研究结果表明，对于折点加氯法，当次氯酸钠投加量为1 mL时，氨氮去除效果最好，水样中未能检测出氨氮;当氨氮去除剂投加量为3 mL和5 mL时，出水氨氮去除率分别为85.8%和99%，出水氨氮达标，但水樣中的COD明显升高。因此，综合现场实际情况、运行成本以及稳定性，本研究拟采用折点加氯法处理废水中的氨氮，旨在为类似污水处理厂提供借鉴，为含油废水处理贡献力量。

关键词：氨氮废水;折点加氯法;氨氮去除剂;含油废水

中图分类号：X703.1文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-5168（2020）20-0142-03

Abstract： In order to solve the problem of meeting the standard discharge of high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen wastewater in an oil-bearing sewage station， this paper used two methods of inflection point chlorine addition and adding ammonia nitrogen removal agent for comparison. The results of the study show that for the inflection point chlorination method， when the sodium hypochlorite dosage is 1 mL， the ammonia nitrogen removal effect is the best， and the ammonia nitrogen cannot be detected in the water sample; when the dosage of ammonia nitrogen remover was 3 mL and 5 mL， the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of effluent was 85.8% and 99%， respectively， the effluent ammonia nitrogen reached the standard， but the COD in the water sample increased significantly. Therefore， based on the actual situation on site， operating costs and stability， this study intended to use the inflection point chlorination method to treat ammonia nitrogen in wastewater， aiming to provide a reference for similar wastewater treatment plants and contribute to the treatment of oily wastewater.

Keywords： ammonia nitrogen wastewater; inflection point chlorination method; ammonia nitrogen remover; oily wastewater

氨氮主要是指水中以NH3和NH4+形式存在的氮。氨氮进入水体后，由于其中的氮元素浓度升高，因此水中的藻类和其他微生物繁殖较快，并且后期控制困难。当水中营养物质浓度过高时，水中的溶解氧迅速下降，水质恶化较快，导致湖泊中鱼类、虾类等大量死亡，严重时会使湖泊干涸，彻底破坏其生态系统。此外，氨氮还腐蚀某些金属（如铜、不锈钢等），高浓度的氨氮废水也会引起赤潮，导致水体发黑并散发恶臭气味。氨氮废水有多种处理方法。目前，国内外常用的工艺主要有吸附法、折点加氯法、投加氨氮去除剂、生物脱氮法、化学沉淀法、吹除法、催化湿式氧化法、液膜法和电渗析法等[1-2]。本文研究和讨论了折点加氯法和投加氨氮去除剂两种方法，探讨二者的试验结果，结合含油污水站实际情况，选取最佳工艺手段，以满足氨氮正常达标排放要求。……