张东良

摘      要： 聚合物驱油技术是目前解决中高渗透砂岩油藏产量递减问题的比较成熟的三次采油技术。但聚驱后期达到特高含水阶段转后续水驱，而残留在低渗透层中的聚合物加大了储层的层间和平面矛盾，降低了后续水驱的波及范围，影响了油藏的驱油效率。针对该问题，以X油田某区块为研究对象，通过理论分析结合数值模拟的方法得出聚合物驱油过程中，影响后续水驱开发效果的因素主要是储层非均质性和井网形式的影响。并提出转后续水驱前，油藏多井调剖控减技术降低储层非均质性，扩大波及体积，提高油层动用程度，且提出通过合理配注产、分注分采技术，通过调整流线改变液流方向，降低储层非均质性的影响，最终对油田起到增产提效的效果。

关  键  词：聚转水驱;减控技术;调剖;动态调整

中图分类号：TE 341       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）05-0935-04

Abstract： Polymer flooding technology is a relatively mature tertiary oil recovery technology to solve the problem of production decline in medium and high permeability sandstone reservoirs. However， in the later stage of polymer flooding，the researched reservoir reaches the ultra-high water-bearing stage and then be transferred into the subsequent water flooding， the polymer remaining in the low-permeability layer can increase the inter-layer and plane conflicts of the reservoir， which will reduce the swept range of subsequent water flooding and affect the reservoir oil displacement efficiency. Aiming at this problem， taking a block of X oilfield as the research object， through theoretical analysis， combined with numerical simulation method， the factors affecting the development of subsequent water flooding in the process of polymer flooding were determined as follows： reservoir heterogeneity and well pattern types. It was proposed that before the subsequent water flooding， the multi-well profile control and reduction technology of the reservoir should be used to reduce the reservoir heterogeneity， enlarge the swept volume， and improve the utilization degree of the oil layer， and proposes to adjust the production and distribution technology through reasonable allocation and injection. Finally the effect of reservoir heterogeneity can be reduced and the flooding efficiency can be increased obviously.

Key words： Switching polymer flooding to water flooding; Profile control and reduction technology; Profile control; Dynamic adjustment

随着老油田的持续滚动开发，一次、二次和三次采油技术广泛应用，而聚合物驱油技術最为主要应用的三采技术，广泛应用于各大油田。而目前聚合物驱油也到了高含水开发阶段，为了降本控效，后续水驱成为三采后的继续驱油技术[1-3]。而聚合物驱油在高渗透层注入过程中，也对中底渗透层产生了一定的损害，因此，后续水驱过程中，储层的非均质性表现地更加明显，导致水窜更加严重[4-8]。因此，为了减缓这一阶段含水上升速度，确保后续水驱整体开发效果达到要求，本文以X油田某区块为例，分析后续水驱递减影响因素，并利用理论分析和数值模拟技术，研究储层非均质性、井网井距及聚驱注采参数对后续水驱阶段开发效果的影响，从而为后续水驱措施调整提供技术支持[9-13]。……