焦祖凯 金吉海 宋君辉

摘      要： 采用等体积浸渍方法制备同一批次W-Ni氧化态金属催化剂，分别采用器内硫化、器外硫化得到三种不同的催化剂，考察三种新鲜催化剂物化性质、催化活性。结果表明：相对于氧化态催化剂，二种器外硫化催化剂上硫含量、堆密度增加，比表面积、孔容、平均孔径均降低;三种催化剂在45.98°、66.75°处出现Al（PO4）晶体结构特征峰，并且晶体峰有较好的重合度;三种催化剂上镍、钨金属均以Ni2+、W6+化合价形态存在;以绥中减三线为原料在不同反应温度下评价催化剂的活性，高负载硫的器外硫化催化剂的脱酸、脱硫、脱氮活性最高，器内硫化催化剂次之，低负载硫的器外硫化催化剂的催化活性最差。

关  键  词：器内硫化催化剂;器外硫化催化剂;加氢脱酸;催化剂活性

中图分类号：TE624.9+3        文献标识码： A        文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）05-0885-04

Abstract： The same batch of W-Ni oxidation state metal catalysts were prepared by equal volume impregnation method. Three different catalysts were obtained by internal vulcanization and external vulcanization. The physicochemical properties and catalytic activities of the three fresh catalysts were investigated. The results showed that， compared with the oxidation catalyst， the sulfur content and bulk density of the two catalysts after external sulfurization increased， the specific surface area， pore volume and average pore diameter decreased.The three catalysts had Al（PO4） crystal structure at 45.98°， 66.75°， and the crystal peaks had a good degree of coincidence; Nickel and tungsten metals were present in the form of Ni2+ and W6+ valence. The activity of the catalyst was evaluated at different reaction temperatures by using Suizhong Vac. side cut 3. The deacidification， desulfurization and denitrification activities of the external sulfurization catalyst with high loading sulfur were the highest， followed by in-situ sulfurization catalysts ， the low-load sulfur external sulfurization catalysts had the worst catalytic activity.

Key words： Internal sulfurization catalyst; External sulfurization catalyst; Hydrodeacidification; Catalyst activity

隨着原油劣质化、重质化的不断加剧，适合生产润滑油基础油的原料油供应已后劲不足，而目前润滑油的需求量却在不断增长，因此为满足现代工业对优质润滑油的需求，发展加氢技术迫在眉睫[1]。加氢精制工艺的主要目的是通过加氢除去石油中的S、N、O等杂质，以改善油品质量及减少环境污染[2]。催化剂的活性组分（Co、Ni、W、Mo等）只有以硫化态存在时才具有较高的活性，这就需要通过硫化工艺将氧化态金属变为硫化态金属。硫化工艺分为器内硫化与器外硫化两种，器内硫化工艺通过配制硫化油或使用H2S气体，在反应器内进行湿法、干法硫化;器外预硫化法通过一定的工艺方法，将硫化物载入催化剂的孔道里，并使金属氧化物大多以MeOxSy硫氧化物形式存在，器外预硫化工艺则具有简单、高效、无污染的优点。……