马积喜　王殿生　张迎鹏　白宁晨

摘      要： 为了探索原油污染土壤含油率的核磁共振T₂谱测定方法，配制了原油污染土壤样品，测量了原油污染土壤的核磁共振T₂谱，分析了T₂谱的特征以及横向弛豫时间和峰面积与含油率的关系，提出了一套核磁共振测量原油污染土壤含油率的方法。结果表明：原油污染土壤的T₂谱具有多峰特征，污染土壤T₂谱第2个峰的峰面积、各峰面积之和均随含油率的增大而增大;基于T₂谱峰面积测量污染土壤含油率的相对误差小于5.0%。

关  键  词：核磁共振;原油;污染土壤;含油率

中图分类号：O482      文献标识码： A      文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）06-1080-06

An Experimental Study on T₂ Spectrum of NMR Method for Measuring

Oil Content in Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

MA Ji-xi， WANG Dian-sheng^*， ZHANG Ying-peng， BAI Ning-chen

（PCIF Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Terahertz Spectroscopy and Photoelectric Detection， College of Science， China University of Petroleum（East China）， Qingdao Shandong 266580， China）

Abstract： In order to explore T₂ spectrum of nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） as a quick method for determination of oil content in crude oil contaminated soil， the samples of crude-oil-contaminated soil were prepared， and their T₂ spectrums were measured. After analyzing the T₂ spectrum characteristics and investigating the effect of oil content on transverse relaxation time and peak area， a NMR method for determination of oil content in crude-oil-contaminated soil was put forward. Research results showed that the T₂ spectrum of crude-oil-contaminated soil had several peaks， peak area of the second peak and the sum of the peak areas in the T₂ spectrum increased linearly with the increasing of oil content， and the maximal relative error was less than 5% when the second peak area of T₂ spectrum was used to measure the oil content of crude-oil-contaminated soil.

Key words： Nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）; Crude oil; Contaminated soil; Oil content

土壤的原油污染问题因其现实的和潜在的危害性已经越来越受到人们的关注^[1]，污染土壤的治理也成为一个重要的研究问题^[2]。原油污染土壤中的原油组分以烷烃、芳烃等轻质组分为主，胶质和沥青含量在20%～30%。污染土壤的含油率主要在1%～12%之间，且污染土壤中的有机物含量均高于含油率^[3]。

土壤含油率是土壤原油污染程度的一个重要评价标准^[4，5]。在原油污染土壤的修复过程中，含油率直接反映修复效果^[6，7]，因此污染土壤含油率的测定非常重要^[8]。目前土壤含油率的测量方法主要有重量法、紫外分光法、红外分光光度法、荧光分光光度法。这几种方法都需要利用有机溶剂将原油污染物从待测土壤中分离，需要消耗大量试剂，分离过程操作复杂而且对环境和实验人员不利^[9]。因此，这些测定含油率的方法往往不能满足高频次、快速分析的要求。……