刘璐　朱慧红　金浩　杨光　吕振辉　杨涛

摘      要： 考察了制备工艺、制备原料、工艺条件和粒度分布对微球形沸腾床加氢催化剂耐磨性能的影响。研究结果表明：制备工艺是影响微球形催化剂耐磨性能的重要因素，采用新型成球工艺制备的微球催化剂耐磨性能较好;不同原料制备的微球催化剂耐磨性能不同;在采用新型制备工艺时，增加混捏和成球的转速及时间，均能提高催化剂耐磨性能;在实验考察的温度范围内，载体焙烧温度对耐磨性能影响不大;粒度分布越小其耐磨性能越好。

关  键  词：沸腾床;加氢催化剂;耐磨性能;制备工艺;混捏;成球

中图分类号：TQ426       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）06-1027-04

Influence Factors on Wear-resistance Performance of  Micro-spherical Ebullated-bed Hydrogenation Catalysts

LIU Lu， ZHU Hui-hong， JIN Hao， YANG Guang， LYU Zhen-hui， YANG Tao

（Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals， Dalian Liaoning 116045， China）

Abstract： Factors affecting wear-resistance performance of micro-spherical ebullated bed hydrogenation catalysts were investigated， including processes， raw materials， process conditions and size distribution. The results showed that the preparation process was an important factor affecting the wear-resistance performance of microsphere catalysts; Microsphere catalyst prepared by the novel preparation process showed better wear resistance performance; Microsphere catalysts prepared from different raw materials had different abrasion resistance;When the new preparation process was used， higher rotational speed and longer time both in mixing unit and spheroidization unit improved the abrasion resistance of the catalyst; In the experimental temperature range， the carrier calcination temperature had little effect on the abrasion resistance of the catalyst; the smaller the particle size， the better the abrasion resistance.

Key words： Ebullated bed; Hydrogenation catalyst; Wear resistance;Preparation process;Mixing; Spheroidization

在沸腾床反应器中，催化剂颗粒在反应物流的作用下处于不断的翻腾状态。催化剂不仅受到运输、装填过程的冲击，由于相变、受热等引起的内应力及外应力，还要在运转中更多地经受颗粒与颗粒、流体与颗粒、颗粒与反应器之间的碰撞和摩擦。因此，要求催化剂具有较高的机械强度。影响催化剂强度的因素很多，如原料性质、工艺选择、工艺条件、后处理方法等，而催化剂实际磨损情况还决定于所加工物料组成、操作条件、催化剂实际颗粒形状与大小等^[1-3]。如果催化剂耐磨性能较差，在反应器内不断地流动摩擦过程中，容易产生细粉，并且催化剂粒径减小，造成催化剂跑损、剂耗上升等问题，同时影响下游装置运转及产品质量^[4-6]。

催化剂的磨损来自于催化劑所受应力，一般可分为4种，分别为机械应力、动态应力、热应力、和化学应力。……