孙进　郑春生　时振堂　董翠翠　王哲　谢诗琪

摘      要： 基于硅橡胶复合绝缘子在我国某油田企业应用20年的运行经验，阐述了复合绝缘子的应用发展历程，考虑该油田电网的地形地貌、气象条件、污秽分布等自然因素，结合绝缘子事故规律统计和典型故障案例，分析了复合绝缘子的运行现状和故障特征，该电网发生的绝缘子故障主要分布于闪络、雷击和鸟害，其中雷电发生时刻基本与事故分布一致说明绝缘子闪络事故大部分与雷电活动或雷雨造成的气象有关。对一起绝缘子芯棒脆断典型故障进行了分析。最后，结合油田电网运行实际经验和未来智能电网的建设需求，提出了复合绝缘子运行维护与管理、性能优化研究的前景展望。

关  键  词：复合绝缘子;油田电网;故障特征;污秽影响

中图分类号：TM 757      文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）07-1523-04

Study on the Operation and Fault Characteristics of

Composite Insulators in the Oilfield Power Grid

SUN Jin1， ZHENG Chun-sheng2， SHI Zhen-tang1， DONG Cui-cui1， WANG Zhe2， XIE Shi-qi1

（1. Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals， Dalian Liaoning 116045， China;

2. Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Branch， Dongying Shandong 257001， China;

3. School of Chemical Engineering， Dalian University of Technology， Dalian Liaoning 116024， China）

Abstract： Based on 20-year operating experience of silicon rubber composite insulators in an oil field in China， the application and development of composite insulator were described. Considering the natural factors such as topographical and geomorphic conditions， meteorological conditions and pollution distribution of the oil field grid， combined with insulator accident law statistics and typical fault cases， the operating status and fault characteristics of composite insulator were analyzed. The insulator faults were mainly distributed in flashover， lightning strike and bird damage. Further on， the occurrence time of lightning was basically consistent with the accident distribution， which indicated that the majority of insulator flashover accidents were related to lightning activity or weather caused by thunderstorm. A typical fault of insulator mandrel fracture was analyzed. Finally，combined the actual operation experience of oilfield power grid and the future construction demand of smart power grid， the prospect of composite insulator operation， maintenance and management， performance optimization was put forward.

Key words： Composite insulator; Oil field power grid; Fault characteristics; Filthy influence

自20世紀60年代起，美、英、德、法、日等发达国家开始研究利用高分子材料制造户外复合绝缘子，高温硫化硅橡胶复合绝缘子于20世纪70年代首先问世于德国。高温硫化硅橡胶以其优异的憎水性和憎水迁移性赋予了复合绝缘子耐污闪性能，同时兼具机械强度高、运行维护方便等特点，综合性能优异的复合绝缘子的应用大大地降低了输变电设备的跳闸率，明显地提高了输变电设备安全运行可靠性。

在世界范围内，已有超过27个国家和地区投入使用复合绝缘子，尤其是在北美、德国、瑞士等地区，其使用量总体呈持续稳定增长态势^[1]。……