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基于巨噬细胞活性成像探针的研究进展

2020-08-23符纯美刘义成张建标张弛晏丽吴鹏闫新豪

当代化工 2020年7期
关键词:信号检测

符纯美 刘义成 张建标 张弛 晏丽 吴鹏 闫新豪

摘      要: 巨噬细胞是具有多功能的免疫细胞,在抵御病原体及组织损伤和重构方面发挥至关重要的作用。由于巨噬细胞影响机体内多个生物学进程,其活性检测在炎症微环境和肿瘤的基础研究及诊断方面具有重要意义。成像探针以其选择性强、灵敏度高、响应快、成本低廉等优点深受研究者的青睐,在医学成像方面作为一种直观、原位的可视化观测技术,其在患者临床结果的预测、治疗方案的确定和治疗反应的监测方面的应用已成为研究热点。近年来,相继发展了大量可用于生物体内巨噬细胞活性成像的探针,对各种成像探针及其应用情况进行综述,并对未来研究方向进行展望。

关  键  词:巨噬细胞;成像探针;肿瘤微环境;炎症微环境;细胞成像

中图分类号:TQ460.7+2        文献标识码: A        文章编号: 1671-0460(2020)07-1509-05

Research Progress of Macrophage Activity Imaging Probe

FU Chun-mei, LIU Yi-cheng, ZHANG Jian-biao, ZHANG Chi, YAN Li, WU Peng, YAN Xin-hao*

(Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College, Hanzhong Shaanxi 723000, China)

Abstract: Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells, which play an important role in resisting pathogens and tissue damage and remodeling. Macrophages have close relationship with many biological processes in the body, their activity detection is of great significance in the basic research and diagnosis of inflammatory microenvironment and tumor. Imaging probe is favored by researchers for its advantages of high selectivity, high sensitivity, fast response and low cost. In medical imaging, as an intuitive, in-situ visual observation technology, it has become a research hotspot for the prediction of patients' clinical results, the determination of treatment plans and the monitoring of treatment response. In recent years, a large number of imaging probes which can be used to illustrate macrophage activity in vivo have been developed. In this paper, various imaging probes and their applications were reviewed, and the future research direction was prospected.

Key words: Macrophages; Imaging probe; Tumor microenvironment; Inflammatory microenvironment; Cell imaging

1  引言

高分辨光學成像技术为活体细胞的可视化成像及相关生物学事件动态监测提供了技术支持。近年来,随着对荧光探针的不断深入研究,通过特定信号分子或蛋白质激活发射荧光信号的化合物,以其高分辨、高信噪比和高灵敏度的特点正在敲开活细胞实时成像检测的大门。这种荧光探针结构被认为是智能荧光团,通过合理的结构设计实现对目标物诱导的荧光响应,智能荧光团结构设计中用有机化学工具在分子片段中搭建“off-on”架构,用化学生物学方法提高探针靶向性。用于细胞活性成像的成像探针在生物学和医学研究中提供了一系列的可能性,从活体内生物进程的监测到健康状态和疾病状态模式差异的可视化,从而应用于疾病诊断与新药发现。……

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