朱梦影　程涛　孔冰　王越淇　郭奕杉

摘      要：某油田为了紧凑高效解决油田污水处理难题，对A厂家CFU和B厂家CFU样机进行试验对比分析。A厂家CFU和B厂家 CFU原理类似，均是基于低强度旋流和气浮，A厂家CFU内部设计相对简单。油田根据生产水处理流程特点，选择水离心机上游和注水增压泵下游进行试验。这两次CFU测试结果表明，该油田生产水质量变化很大，通过离心机、注水增压泵等设备剪切作用后，会增加水中含油的稳定性，增大水中含油处理难度，CFU设置在上游处理效果优于下游;该油田生产水处理的主要问题是小颗粒油滴为主的水包油乳化液和含油固体悬浮物较多，全尺寸设计时需要添加反相破乳剂和适当增加停留时间。

关  键  词：旋流气浮;低强度旋流分离;油田污水处理;海上油田

中图分类号：TE953       文献标识码： A      文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）07-1468-04

Test and Comparative Analysis of CFU Devices

ZHU Meng-ying1， CHENG Tao2， KONG Bing1， WANG Yue-qi1， GUO Yi-shan1

（1. Bohai Oilfield Research Institute of CNOOC Tianjin Branch， Tianjin 300459， China;

2. CNOOC Pengbo Operating Company， Tianjin 300459， China）

Abstract： In order to solve the problem of oilfield sewage treatment compactly and efficiently， A CFU and B CFU prototype were tested and compared. The principle of A CFU is similar to that of B CFU. Based on low intensity cyclone and air flotation， the internal design of A CFU is relatively simple. According to the characteristics of production water treatment process， the upstream of water centrifuge and downstream of water injection booster pump are selected for testing. The two CFU tests show that the quality of produced water varies greatly in this oilfield. After shearing by centrifuges and water injection booster pumps， the stability of oil content in water will be increased， and the difficulty of oil treatment in water will be increased. The effect of compact air flotation device installed in the upstream is better than that in the downstream. The main problem of water treatment in this oilfield is oil-in-water emulsion with small oil droplets as the main part. For oil-bearing solid suspension， reverse demulsifier and residence time should be added in full-scale design.

Key words： Swirl air flotation; Low-intensity swirl separation; Oilfield wastewater treatment; Offshore oilfield

油田含油污水具有含油量高、溫度高、含盐量大等特点，而且开采过程中为增加产量而大量注入的各种药剂，也会增加污水处理的难度^[1]。对于海上平台而言，由于空间、承重等原因，陆地油田所采用的成熟的污水处理技术无法直接在海上平台应用，目前常用的斜板隔油器+气浮选器+核桃壳过滤器无法应对污水处理量增大的难题^[2]。由于常规污水处理技术难以有较大突破，研究人员基于低强度旋流和气浮原理推出了紧凑型气浮装置（Compact Flotation Unit，CFU），希望达到紧凑、高效处理油田含油污水的目的^[3]。

国外早在20世纪就开始旋流气浮装置（CFU，下同），以A厂家CFU最为成熟、应用最为广泛，国内研究多始于2007年之后，其中B厂家CFU，北京石油化工学院BIPTCFU曾在渤海地区进行试验^[3]。……