γ-Al2O3固载水滑石的制备及其动态吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的性能研究
2020-08-23孙洪刚李士凤
孙洪刚 李士凤



摘 要:以γ-Al2O3、硝酸鎂、尿素为主要原料,通过水热法制备γ-Al2O3固载水滑石吸附去除Cr。动态吸附实验的最佳条件为:C=100 mg·L-1、V =15 mL·min-1、pH=3、m=20 g,在此条件下饱和吸附量达到最大值49.2 mg·g-1。通过理论分析、实验结果和Thomas模型非线性拟合表明,γ-Al2O3固载水滑石对铬的动态吸附效果良好,是治理水环境中铬污染的一种有效方法。
关 键 词:γ-Al2O3;水滑石;动态吸附;Cr(Ⅵ);Thomas模型
中图分类号:TQ424.29 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2020)07-1384-04
Preparation of γ-Al2O3 Supported Hydrotalcite and
Its Dynamic Adsorption for Cr(VI)
SUN Hong-gang, LI Shi-feng
(Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Treatment and Recycling of Industrially Discharged Heavy Metals,
Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang Liaoning 110142, China)
Abstract: The γ-Al2O3 supported hydrotalcite was prepared from γ-Al2O3, magnesium nitrate and urea by the hydrothermal method, and it was used to adsorb and remove Cr(VI). The optimum conditions of dynamic adsorption experiment were determined as follows: C=100 mg·L-1,V=15 mL·min-1, pH=3、m=20 g. Under above conditions, the saturated adsorption capacity reached the maximum value of 49.2 mg·g-1. Through theoretical analysis, the experimental results and Thomas model nonlinear fitting showed that the dynamic adsorption effect of γ-Al2O3 supported hydrotalcite on chromium was good, and it was an effective method to control chromium pollution in water environment.
Key words: γ-Al2O3; Hydrotalcite; Dynamic adsorption; Cr (VI); Thomas model
伴随着人类活动的加剧和城市规模的扩大,多数工业生产都带来了严重的环境问题,在化工、冶金、铸铁、耐火及高精端科技等领域的生产制造过程中,会产生大量含有铬的废渣、废水和废气,造成了严重铬污染[1]。其中三废中的铬主要以Cr(Ⅵ)存在,而Cr(Ⅵ)具有高毒性和迁移性,对生态环境和人体健康有着严重的危害[2]。
本文采用水热合成法制备γ-Al2O3固载水滑石固体[3]。相比于其它的合成方法而言,制备方法简单,反应过程无需人操作,能耗低,所选用的药品价格低廉[4]。采用XRD表征对所制备粉体的晶相结构及成分进行表征和分析[5]。通过吸附Cr(Ⅵ)效果来评价γ-Al2O3固载水滑石对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附率[6],考察了Cr(Ⅵ)溶液初始浓度、初始pH、流速、吸附剂质量对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附率的影响,决定最佳的反应条件[7]。
1 实验部分
1.1 原料
重铬酸钾,分析纯,购自上海浦江化工厂;尿素,分析纯,购自沈阳试剂五厂;γ-Al2O3,分析纯,购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司;丙酮,分析纯,购自天津市大茂化学试剂厂;硝酸镁,分析纯,购自天津市大茂化学试剂厂;二苯基碳酰二肼,分析纯,购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司。……
