摘      要：油田集输管线电化学腐蚀问题严重影响管线系统的使用寿命，为解决这一问题，对油田集输管线电化学腐蚀现象进行了评价。采用油田集输管线中常应用的316L不锈钢作为实验对象，利用不同质量浓度的氯离子对316L不锈钢腐蚀，通过扫描电镜和能谱分析得到质量浓度为10 g·L^-1与50 g·L^-1氯离子侵蚀下的316L不锈钢微观形貌，具体分析得知，10 g·L^-1氯离子对316L不锈钢侵蚀较轻，然而随着氯离子浓度的增加，氯离子对316L不锈钢侵蚀随之增加，在氯离子质量浓度为50 g·L^-1时，316L不锈钢腐蚀现象严重。在此基础上，根据油田集输管线电化学腐蚀情况提出了相应的防护措施。

关  键  词：集输管线;电化学;腐蚀;防护;氯离子;微观形貌

中图分类号：TE988       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）07-1309-04

Research on Electrochemical Corrosion and Protection

of Oilfield Gathering Pipelines

WANG Jian-guo

（Daqing Oilfield Co.， Ltd.， Fourth Oil Production Plant Infrastructure Project Management Center，

Daqing Heilongjiang 163511， China）

Abstract： The electrochemical corrosion problem of oilfield gathering and transportation pipelines seriously affects the service life of pipeline systems. To solve this problem， the electrochemical corrosion phenomenon of oilfield gathering and transportation pipelines was evaluated. The 316L stainless steel commonly used in oilfield gathering and transportation pipelines was used as the experimental object. The 316L stainless steel was corroded with different concentrations of chloride ions， and the morphology of 316L stainless steel corroded by 10 g·L-1and 50 g·L-1 chloride ions was obtained by scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis. Specific analysis results showed that 10 g·L-1 chloride ion lightly corroded 316L stainless steel. However， as the chloride ion concentration increased， the corrosion of 316L stainless steel by chloride ion increased. When the chloride ion concentration was  50 g·L-1， 316L stainless steel was seriously corroded. At last， corresponding protective measures were proposed based on the electrochemical corrosion conditions of oilfield gathering and transportation pipelines.

Key words： Gathering and transportation pipeline; Electrochemistry; Eorrosion; Protection; Chloride ion; Micro-morphology

隨着石油需求量的增加，石油开采量增长迅速，管道输送具有安全、运行成本低等优点，被广泛应用到流体输送中。在石油运输中，管道腐蚀是现阶段重点的研究内容，主要分为内部腐蚀和外部腐蚀，其中内部腐蚀是因为目前大多数油田都处于开采后期，油田进入高采出比、高含水阶段，油田中的油水分离难度较大，含水、含盐增加，酸值升高，增加了原油的腐蚀性。外部腐蚀是指油田集输管线大部分被埋在地下，长期运输过程中，会受到管输介质、土壤以及杂散电流等的影响，腐蚀管线，造成管壁变薄，甚至引发穿孔泄漏事故的发生，导致管道失效。若油田输管线发生问题，不仅会引起严重的经济损失，还会对环境造成严重的影响，从而危害人们的身体健康。……