西南山区地形起伏度与经济发展水平空间集聚特征分析
2020-08-06杨梅吴映梅
杨梅 吴映梅



摘 要:以云南省90 m分辨率的SRTM DEM为源数据,分析云南省地形起伏度的分布特征.筛选构建空间自相关模型,探究云南省县域经济发展水平的时空演变格局.结果表明:云南省地形起伏度的最佳分析窗口大小为11×11;地形起伏度由西北向东南梯度递减,与海拔关系密切,两者存在线性关系;地形起伏度与经济发展水平呈显著空间负相关关系,呈高—低,低—高,高—高,低—低四类空间分布集聚,其中高—低水平区集中在云南省西部,低—高水平区集中在云南省中部.
关键词:地形起伏度;空间集聚;云南省
[中图分类号]P208 [文献标志码]A
Abstract:Based on the SRTM DEM of 90 m resolution in Yunnan Province,and analyze the distribution characteristics of the Relief Degree of Land Surface in Yunnan Province.Through the spatial autocorrelation model,the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of county economic development level in Yunnan Province is discussed.The results show that: The optimal analysis window size of the Relief Degree of Land Surface of Yunnan Province under SRTM DEM source data of 90 m resolution is 11×11;The Relief Degree of Land Surface decreases from the northwest to the southeast,and is closely related to the altitude.There is a linear relationship between the two,The Relief Degree of Land Surface has a significant spatial negative correlation with the economic development level,which is high-low,low-high,high- high, low-low four types of spatial distribution,of which high-low horizontal areas are concentrated in the western part of Yunnan Province,and low-high level areas are concentrated in the central part of Yunnan Province.
Key words:the relief degree of land surface;spatial agglomeration;Yunnan Province
地形起伏度是影響山区经济发展的重要地形因子.西南地区是我国垂直梯度分异与地表割裂程度最为明显的地区之一,受地理环境、历史沿革和社会人文多样等条件影响,经济相对东部平原地区欠发达.[1]云南省位于我国西南边陲,区域内高差悬殊,地貌类型复杂多样,山区面积占其土地面积的94%,是西南山区的典型代表.地形起伏度综合表征区域海拔与地面割裂程度,影响区域社会经济发展、人口分布和交通布局.已有研究多从国家层面[2]的大尺度和地区层面的小尺度[3-5]展开,研究区多以经济发达[6-8]的行政单元为主,对大中尺度的欠发达区域[9]研究较少.研究方法上普遍采用以拟合曲线为主的回归分析[10-12],忽略了空间异质性与依赖性.本文以90 m分辨率的SRTM DEM数据为基础,利用ArcGIS中的栅格计算器提取各县域平均地形起伏……