郭保银 王向军 代先强

摘要 促进烟农增收，是重庆烟叶工作的出发点和根本目的，也是重庆烟草人持之以恒的奋斗目标。近年来，重庆烟草虽然取得了一定进展，但土地和用工成本急剧上升、极端气候条件导致灾害频发、市场需求与生产实际有脱节、其他产业对烟叶冲击较大等问题严重制约了烟农多元化产业增收体系建设。针对以上问题，笔者认为切实转变发展方式，在坚持以烟为主的前提，拓宽增收渠道、丰富增收内容、推广增收实践、完善增收模式、注重增收评估、服务增收发展，探索研究建立重庆烟农多元化产业增收体系。

关键词 烟农增收;产业体系;现代烟草农业建设

Abstract To promote the income increase of tobacco farmers is the starting point and fundamental purpose of Chongqing tobacco work，and also the persistent goal of Chongqing tobacco people. In recent years，although Chongqing tobacco has made some progress，but the rapid rise of land and labor costs，frequent disasters caused by extreme weather conditions，market demand and production reality are disjointed，other industries have a great impact on tobacco leaf，and other problems seriously restrict the construction of diversified industry income increase system of tobacco farmers. In view of the above problems，this paper believes that we should change the development mode，adhere to the premise of focusing on tobacco，broaden the channels of income increase，enrich the content of income increase，promote the practice of income increase，improve the mode of income increase，pay attention to the evaluation of income increase and the development of service income increase，explore and establish a diversified industrial income increase system for tobacco farmers in Chongqing.

Key words Income increase of tobacco growers; Industrial system; Construction of modern tobacco agriculture

自现代煙草农业建设开展以来[1]，重庆烟叶砥砺前行，在促农增收上取得了售烟收入翻一番、户均规模翻一番、单产收益翻一番“三个翻一番”的重要成就，真正走出了一条贫困山区依烟生存、因烟脱贫、靠烟致富的可持续发展道路。但是，新的历史条件下，如何突破增收瓶颈[2]，建立烟农多元化产业增收体系[3]，推动烟农增收再上新的台阶，成为摆在重庆烟草人面前的一道新的难题。

1 重庆烟农增收基本现状

重庆市烟叶种植主要集中在渝东南武陵山区和渝东北三峡库区，2018年共落实12个产烟区县、190个种烟乡、817个种烟村、2 546个种植单元、15 291户烟农。其中，国务院认定的国家级贫困县10个，占重庆市14个国家级贫困县的71.5%;烟区海拔普遍在1 000 m以上，地理条件较为恶劣，气候条件较为复杂。……