超声辅助提取澳洲坚果青皮总黄酮工艺优化及抗氧化性能研究
2020-06-19张明杜丽清马飞跃帅希祥涂行浩
张明 杜丽清 马飞跃 帅希祥 涂行浩



摘 要:以澳洲坚果青皮为原料,研究了超声辅助提取总黄酮工艺条件以及抗氧化活性。通过L9(34)正交试验得到超声功率为300 W条件下的最佳提取工艺:提取时间为45 min、乙醇浓度为50%、提取温度为50 ℃、料液比为1∶60 (g/mL),在此条件下总黄酮提取量为(1638.59±44.26) mg/100 g。通过抗氧化实验发现,澳洲坚果青皮总黄酮ABTS自由清除能力约为Trolox的2.48倍,总抗氧化还原能力约为Trolox的1.90倍,由此表明澳洲坚果青皮总黄酮具有较强的抗氧化活性。
关键词:澳洲坚果青皮;超声辅助;总黄酮;抗氧化
中图分类号:S664.9 文献标识码:A
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Total Flavonoids from Macadamia Green Peel
ZHANG Ming, DU Liqing*, MA Feiyue, SHUAI Xixiang, TU Xinghao
South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences / Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524091, China
Abstract: The study focused on the optimization of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction and antioxidant activity of total flavonoids from macadamia green peel. An orthogonal test with four factors and three level was carried out and the optimized conditions were: ultrasonic extraction time 45 min, ethanol content 40%, extraction temperature 50 ℃, solid-liquid ratio 1∶60 (g/mL). The total flavonoids yield was up to (1638.43±44.26) mg/100g under the optimized conditions. The ABTS radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity was about 2.48, 1.90 times of Trolox. The results indicated that the total flavonoids from macadamia green peel had strong antioxidant capacity.
Keywords: macadamia green peel; ultrasonic-assisted; total flavonoids; antioxidant
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.05.024
澳洲坚果(Macadamia tetraphylla L.)是一种广泛生长于澳大利亚,具有较高价值的山龙眼科木质坚果作物[1]。从引种试种至今,特别是经过近几年的快速发展,我国已成为澳洲坚果种植面积最大的国家。同时,澳洲坚果产量节节攀升,澳洲坚果加工品也逐渐增多。加工过程中占澳洲坚果(鲜果)重量1/2的青皮等加工副产物绝大部分被随意丢弃,青皮腐败后会导致当地水源、土壤等的污染[2]。有研究报道[3-4]澳洲坚果青皮中含有丰富的酚类、黄酮类等活性物质,且具有较强的抗氧化活性。如果将澳洲坚果青皮中的黄酮类物质进行提取并加以综合利用,不仅为开发天然抗氧化剂提供了原料,还有利于保护环境以及实现资源的最大化利用,也为延伸澳洲坚果加工产业链提供了有力支撑。
提取是活性物质单体分离和鉴定的重要步骤。当前,常见的植物活性物质提取方法主要有传统溶剂浸提法、微波辅助[5]、超声辅助[6]、酶辅助[7]、亚临界溶剂提取[8]、超临界溶剂提取[9]等现代提取方法。……
