周哲欣 王玲 彭虹 林畅 冯淑敏

摘 要：【目的/意义】 把握南太平洋岛国与日本农产品贸易水平及其结构，探究其动态增长的特征和趋势，促进“一带一路”倡议背景下南太平洋岛国的经济发展。【方法/过程】 利用UN Comtrade，选取GL指数、GL修正指数、Aqunio指数、Brulhart边际产业内贸易指数及Thom & McDowell水平型和垂直型产业内贸易指数，实证分析2004-2018年南太平洋5岛国（斐济、巴布新几内亚、萨摩亚、汤加和瓦努阿图）与日本农产品产业内贸易水平与结构。【结果/结论】 5岛国与日本以垂直型产业间贸易为主，属于互补型贸易，双方贸易波动大多由产业间贸易所引起的;指出日本应加强与5岛国农产品的竞争合作，加大对5岛国在渔业方面的投资和技术援助，帮助5岛国增加贸易所得。

关键词：南太平洋岛国;日本;农产品贸易;产业内贸易

中图分类号：F753

文献标志码：A 文章编号：1637-5617（2020）02-0022-06

Abstract： 【Objective/Meaning】The level and structure of agricultural trade between South Pacific island countries and Japan were explored in this paper and the characteristics and trends of their dynamic growth were studied， thus to promote the economic development of South Pacific island countries under the background of “One Belt And One Road” initiative.【Methods/Procedures】By using UN Comtrade， the indexes such as index， modified index， Aquino index， Brǜlhart marginal intraindustry trade index， and horizontal and vertical intraindustry trade index were selected to empirically analyze the level and structure of intraindustry trade between the five South Pacific island countries （Fiji， Papua New Guinea， Samoa， Tonga， and Vanuatu） and Japan from 2004 to 2018. 【Results/Conclusions】It was concluded that the trade between the five island countries and Japan was mainly the vertical interindustry trade， which belonged to the complementary type， and the trade fluctuation between the two sides was mostly caused by the interindustry trade. It was pointed out that Japan should strengthen the competition and cooperation of agricultural products with the five island countries， increase its investment and technical assistance in fisheries to the five island countries to help them increase their gains from trade.

Key words： South Pacific island country; Japan; trade of agricultural products; intraindustry trade

日本作為传统的海洋国家，从第一次世界大战后它便把战略触角延伸到了南太平洋地区。由于1973年发生的“石油冲击”事件，日本在对外关系中的“资源外交”地位有所提高，因而日本开始逐步重视太平洋地区各个国家所拥有的丰富资源，包括各类矿产资源、林木资源以及渔业资源，并将其国家战略发展目标向该方面进行转变[1]。在各个大国相互竞争及国际环境不断变化的背景下，日本在其发展战略中将太平洋地区提升到了首要位置。南太平洋岛国资源丰富，是日本自然资源的重要供给地。经济上，日本在南太平洋的主要利益是获取渔业资源，来自日本的渔船控制了南太平洋地区的渔业，因而太平洋岛国利用区域、次区域及双边渠道与日本开展渔业外交[2]。……