丁一梅

[摘要]目的 分析個性化心理护理干预对电子支气管镜诊疗患者的效果。方法 选取2017年10月～2019年1月在我院接受电子支气管镜诊疗60例患者作为研究对象，采用盲选法将其分为对照组和研究组，每组各30例。对照组采用常规护理，研究组采用基础护理+个性化心理护理干预。比较两组在诊疗前及诊疗后的生命体征变化、负面心理状况及不良反应。结果 两组诊疗前、后的心率、收缩压及血氧饱和度比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），研究组诊疗中的心率、收缩压低于对照组，血氧饱和度高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组诊疗中心率、收缩压及血氧饱和度与本组诊疗前和诊疗后比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组诊疗中、后的心率、收缩压及血氧饱和度与本组诊疗前比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组诊疗前焦虑自评量表（SAS）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），两组诊疗后SAS、SDS评分低于诊疗前，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），研究组诊疗后的SAS、SDS评分低于诊疗前和对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组在诊疗中出现不良反应的总发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 个性化心理护理干预用于电子支气管镜患者诊疗，可明显改善患者负面情绪，减少躯体和心理应激反应，降低手术不良反应发生率，提高检查效果和护理质量，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词]电子支气管镜;个性化心理护理干预;收缩压;血氧饱和度;不良反应

[中图分类号] R473.76          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）4（a）-0221-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effect of personalized psychological nursing intervention on patients undergoing electronic bronchoscopy. Methods From October 2017 to January 2019， 60 patients who underwent electronic bronchoscopy in our hospital were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into control group （n=30） and research group （n=30） by blind selection method. The patients in the control group received routine nursing， while those in the research group received basic nursing plus personalized psychological nursing intervention. The changes of vital signs， adverse psychological status and adverse reactions before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in heart rate， systolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation between the two groups before and after treatment （P>0.05）. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure in the research group were lower than those in the control group， and oxygen saturation in the blood was higher than that in the control group in diagnosis and treatment （P<0.05）. The heart rate， systolic blood pressure and oxygen saturations in the control group were significanty different between those before and after diagnosis and treatment （P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in heart rate， systolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation in， after diagnosis and treatment in the research group than those before diagnosin and treatment （P>0.05）. There were no significant differences in the scores of SAS and SDS between the two groups before diagnosis and treatment （P>0.05）. The scores of SAS and SDS after diagnosis and treatment in the two groups were lower than those before diagnosis and treatment， the differences were no statistially significant （P>0.05）. The scores of SAS and SDS in the research group after diagnosis and treatment were lower than those before diagnosis and treatment and  the control group （P<0.05）. The total incidence of adverse reactions in the research group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Personalized psychological nursing intervention applied in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with electronic bronchoscopy can significantly improve the negative emotions of patients， reduce physical and psychological stress reaction， reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to surgery， improve the effect of examination and nursing quality， which is worthy of clinical reference and application.

[Key words] Electronic bronchoscope; Personalized psychological nursing intervention; Systolic blood pressure; Oxygen saturation; Adverse reactions

電子支气管镜是诊断呼吸系统疾病重要诊治手段之一。目前被临床广泛用于气管与支气管病变、肺门占位性病变、肺感染、气管-支气管内异物、肺结核、肺不张等疾病诊断中，体现出重要的应用价值。电子气管镜插入属于损伤性操作，对患者带来严重刺激，导致其出现恶心、呕吐、喉头水肿、气闷、气促、心率加快、血压升高等不良反应，增加操作困难，还会导致多种并发症的发生[1]。多数患者由于缺乏对检查的正确认识及检查中的不适，出现紧张、不安、恐惧等负面心理，影响检查的顺利进行[2]。在电子气管镜……