经方辨证对比抗组胺药治疗湿疹有效性和安全性的Meta分析
2020-03-13雷鸣姚斌刘瑞王雯晶胡艳君
雷鸣 姚斌 刘瑞 王雯晶 胡艳君
摘 要 目的:系統评价经方辨证对比抗组胺药治疗湿疹的有效性和安全性。方法:计算机检索中国生物医学文献光盘数据库、中国期刊全文数据库,收集经方辨证(试验组)对比抗组胺药(对照组)治疗湿疹的随机对照试验(RCT)。筛选文献、提取资料后采用改良Jadad量表对纳入文献质量进行评价,采用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入19项RCT,共计1 829例患者。Meta分析结果显示,试验组湿热蕴肤型[OR=5.67,95%CI(3.44,9.33),P<0.000 01]、脾虚湿蕴型[OR=4.23,95%CI(1.89,9.46),P=0.000 4]、血虚风燥型[OR=3.57,95%CI(2.36,5.41),P<0.000 01]患者总有效率均显著高于对照组。试验组湿热蕴肤型[OR=0.72,95%CI(0.21,2.41),P=0.59]、脾虚湿蕴型[OR=0.31,95%CI(0.01,13.57),P=0.54]、血虚风燥型[OR=1.08,95%CI(0.18,6.59),P=0.93]患者不良反应发生率与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义。治疗后,试验组湿热蕴肤型患者肿瘤坏死因子α[SMD= -1.67,95%CI(-2.04,-1.31),P<0.000 01]、白细胞介素6[SMD=-1.53,95%CI(-1.88,-1.17),P<0.000 01]、白细胞介素8[SMD=-1.75,95%CI(-2.28,-1.21),P<0.000 01]水平均显著低于对照组;CD4+水平[SMD=1.51,95%CI(-0.37,3.38),P=0.12]与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义。结论:经方辨证治疗湿疹的效果显著优于抗组胺药治疗,且安全性相当;龙胆泻肝汤加减可显著降低湿热蕴肤型患者的炎症因子水平。
关键词 经方辨证;湿热蕴肤型;脾虚湿蕴型;血虚风燥型;抗组胺药;湿疹;有效性;安全性;Meta分析
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of classical prescription versus antihistamines in the treatment of eczema. METHODS: Retrieved from CBM and CNKI, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about classical prescription (trial group) versus antihistamines (control group) in the treatment of eczema were collected. The qualities of included literatures were evaluated by modified Jadad scale after literature screening and data extraction, and Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS: Totally 19 RCTs involving 1 829 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that total response rate of patients with Shire Yunfu type [OR=5.67,95%CI(3.44,9.33),P<0.000 01], Pixu Shiyun type [OR=4.23,95%CI(1.89,9.46),P=0.000 4], Xuexu Fengzao type [OR=3.57,95%CI(2.36,5.41),P<0.000 01] in trial group were significantly higher than that of control group. There were no statistical differences in the incidence of ADR between patients with Shire Yunfu type [OR=0.72,95%CI(0.21,2.41),P=0.59], Pixu Shiyun type [OR=0.31,95%CI(0.01,13.57),P=0.54], Xuexu Fengzao type[OR=1.08,95%CI(0.18,6.59),P=0.93] in trial group and control group. After treatment, the levels of TNF-α [SMD=-1.67,95%CI(-2.04,-1.31),P<0.000 01], IL-6 [SMD=-1.53,95%CI(-1.88,-1.17),P<0.000 01] and IL-8 [SMD=-1.75,95%CI(-2.28,-1.21),P<0.000 01] in patients with Shire Yunfu type in trial group were significantly lower than control group. There was no statistical significance in CD4+ levels [SMD=1.51,95%CI(-0.37,3.38),P=0.12] between Shire Yunfu type patients in trial group and control group. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic efficacy of classical prescription in treatment of eczema is better than antihistamines, with similar safety. Modified Longdan xiegan decoction can significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with Shire Yunfu type.
KEYWORDS Classical prescription; Shire Yunfu type; Pixu Shiyun type; Xuexu Fengzao type; Antihistamines; Eczema; Effectiveness; Safety; Meta-analysis
湿疹是一种发生于皮肤表皮以及真皮浅层的炎症性皮肤疾病,按照病情发展可分为急性期、亚急性期和慢性期,其中急性期主要以丘疹、丘疱疹为主,具渗出倾向;若发展至慢性阶段,则以苔藓样病变为主要特点,且易反复发作[1]。现代医学认为,湿疹的病因可分为内因和外因:内因以慢性感染病变、内分泌和代谢性病变、血液循环障碍病变、精神紧张、失眠等为主;外因包括食物、吸入物、干燥等环境因素以及各种化学物质的刺激[2]。目前,对于湿疹的治疗主要为抗组胺药和糖皮质激素[2],二者均具有缓解和控制疾病的作用。其中,抗组胺药通过消除组胺引起的炎症反应而发挥作用,部分药物还具有抗胆碱和镇静止痒的作用,但存在嗜睡、困倦及尿潴留等副作用;糖皮质激素具有降低毛细血管通透性、控制炎症和减少渗出的作用,但长期使用易出现毛囊炎、毛细血管扩张等副作用,有依赖性,且易复发,故较少使用[3]。……
